{"id":161,"date":"2024-11-16T22:26:30","date_gmt":"2024-11-16T22:26:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=161"},"modified":"2026-06-12T21:56:45","modified_gmt":"2026-06-12T21:56:45","slug":"lesson-12","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/chapter\/lesson-12\/","title":{"raw":"Lesson 12: \uc0c8 \uc9c1\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\ud558\uac8c \ub410\uc5b4\uc694.","rendered":"Lesson 12: \uc0c8 \uc9c1\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\ud558\uac8c \ub410\uc5b4\uc694."},"content":{"raw":"<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h1 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">\ud559\uc2b5 \ubaa9\ud45c Goals<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<\/header><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #696969;\">By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Share new year's plans and wishes.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Talk about changes of events and new developments.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Recognize how Korean people celebrate Korean New Year.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h1 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">\ub4e4\uc5b4\uac00\uae30 Setting Up<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<\/header><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #696969;\">Lesson Focus<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"#L12Vocab\">INGREDIENTS - \ub2e8\uc5b4 Vocabulary<\/a>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>New Year<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"#L12Grammar\">RECIPE - \ubb38\ubc95\uacfc \ud45c\ud604 Grammar<\/a>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>V\u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4<\/li>\r\n \t<li>V\u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548<\/li>\r\n \t<li>V\u2013\uae30 \ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"#L12Tasks\">LET'S COOK - \ud574 \ubd10\uc694! Classroom Tasks<\/a>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Interpretive Task 1: <span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">New Year\u2019s greetings<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li>Interpretive &amp; Interpersonal Task 2:\u00a0New Year\u2019s card message<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Interpersonal &amp; Presentational Task 3: <span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Intercultural table\/ Coffee and talk<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"#L12Culture\">KOREAN FLAVORS - \ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4\uc640 \ud55c\uad6d \ubb38\ud654 Korean Language and Culture<\/a>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">Use of markers after nouns: Topic particle <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">\u2013<\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\uc740<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">\/<\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\ub294 <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">1<\/span><\/div><\/li>\r\n \t<li>\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">Korean traditional holidays\u00a0<\/span><\/div><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"#L12Async\">NOW YOU TRY! - \uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c \ud574\ubd10\uc694! Async. Practices and Tasks<\/a>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Integrated Performance Task Link<\/li>\r\n \t<li>WB Link<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc9dd\ud558\uace0 \uc598\uae30\ud574 \ubd10\uc694! Share your thoughts!<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nHow do you celebrate the new year? What are these two people saying?\r\n\r\n[h5p id=\"62\"]\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_1.png\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1491\" height=\"292\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-815 size-full\" \/><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_2.png\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1486\" height=\"292\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-811 size-full\" \/><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_3-1.png\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_3-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1485\" height=\"343\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-813 size-full\" \/><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h1 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><a id=\"L12Vocab\"><\/a>\ub2e8\uc5b4 Ingredients<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<\/header><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc124\ub0a0 New Year's Day<\/h2>\r\n<\/header><\/div>\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-greeting.jpg\" alt=\"new year's greeting\" width=\"918\" height=\"585\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-174\" \/><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday.jpg\" alt=\"traditional holiday\" width=\"794\" height=\"647\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-175\" \/><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-in-hanbok.jpg\" alt=\"girl and boy bowing in hanbok\" width=\"844\" height=\"516\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-176\" \/><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/money-pouch-and-envelope.jpg\" alt=\"money pouch and envelope\" width=\"1023\" height=\"583\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-177\" \/><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/rice-cake-soup.jpg\" alt=\"rice cake soup\" width=\"470\" height=\"334\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-178\" \/><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-making-a-wish-at-night.jpg\" alt=\"boy making a wish at night\" width=\"854\" height=\"953\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-179\" \/><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\uc124\ub0a0<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uba85\uc808<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc138\ubc30<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc138\ubc43\ub3c8<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ub5a1\uad6d<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc18c\uc6d0<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">New Year\u2019s Day<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">traditional holiday<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">New Year\u2019s bow<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">New Year\u2019s gift money<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">rice cake soup<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">wish<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc0c8 \ub2e8\uc5b4\uc640 \ud45c\ud604 <span>Other Vocabulary and Expressions<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<\/header><\/div>\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 180px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uace0\ud5a5<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">hometown<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ubc29\ubb38<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">(<\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\ud558\ub2e4<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">)<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to visit<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 36px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 36px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ub4f1\ub85d\uae08<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 36px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">tuition<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 36px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc138\uc6b0\ub2e4<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 36px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to make something stand\/stop; to build (buildings); to make (plans)<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ubc18\ub824<\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\ub3d9\ubb3c<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">companion animal<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc774\uc0ac<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">(<\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\ud558\ub2e4<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">)<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to move (household)<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc138\ubc30<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">New Year\u2019s bow<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc774\ub8e8\ub2e4<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to make (something) come true<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc608\uc804<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">old days<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uae30\uc058\ub2e4<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to be joyful<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc7a5\ud559\uae08<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">scholarship<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc881\ub2e4<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to be small\/narrow<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc9c1\uc7a5<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">workplace<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ud589\ubcf5<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">(<\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\ud558\ub2e4<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">)<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to be happy<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ud574\uc678<\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\uc5ec\ud589<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">international travel<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ud56d\uc0c1<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">always<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to hope for<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25.033829%;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">NOUN <\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\ub9cc\uc774\ub2e4<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25.033829%;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">it\u2019s been NOUN<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25.033829%;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uacc4\ud68d\uc744 <\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\uc138\uc6b0\ub2e4<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25.033829%;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to make plans<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25.033829%;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc138\ubc30\ub97c <\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\ub4dc\ub9ac\ub2e4<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25.033829%;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to perform New Year\u2019s bowing ritual <\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25.033829%;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ud0a4\uac00 <\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\ud06c\ub2e4<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25.033829%;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to be tall<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\ubcf5\uc2b5 \ub2e8\uc5b4 Review<\/h2>\r\n<\/header><\/div>\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 54px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc720\ud559\ud558\ub2e4 <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">\/<\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\uc720\ud559\uc744 \uac00\ub2e4<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to study abroad<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uac74\uac15\ud574\uc9c0\ub2e4<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to become healthy<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc778\ud134\uc2ed\ud558\ub2e4<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to do an internship<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc0c8 <\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\uce5c\uad6c\ub97c <\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\uc0ac\uadc0\ub2e4<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to make new friends<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc678\uad6d\uc5b4\ub97c <\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\ubc30\uc6b0\ub2e4<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to learn a foreign language<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uac00\uc871\ud558\uace0 <\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\uc2dc\uac04\uc744 <\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\ubcf4\ub0b4\ub2e4<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to spend time with family<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--key-takeaways\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\ub2e8\uc5b4 \uba54\ubaa8\uc9c0 Vocabulary Notes<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n<strong>1. More Causative Verbs<\/strong>\r\n\r\nIn Lesson 8, we learned causative verbs that mean <em>to make someone do something<\/em>. We will learn two more causative verbs in this lesson; \ud0a4\uc6b0\ub2e4 (from \ud06c\ub2e4) <em>to make something become big; to grow, to raise<\/em> and \uc138\uc6b0\ub2e4 (from \uc11c\ub2e4) <em>to make something stand up\/stop; to build, to make<\/em>.\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 45px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 764.948px; height: 15px;\">\ubc18\ub824\ub3d9\ubb3c\uc744 <strong>\ud0a4\uc6b0\uae30\ub85c<\/strong> \ud588\uc5b4\uc694.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 764.948px; height: 15px;\">I\u2019ve decided to get a pet (Lit., I\u2019ve decided to raise a pet).<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 764.948px; height: 15px;\">\uc800 \ucf54\ub108\uc5d0 \ucc28\ub97c <strong>\uc138\uc6b0\uc138\uc694<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 764.948px; height: 15px;\">Stop\/park the car in that corner.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 764.948px; height: 15px;\">\uc0c8\ud574 \uacc4\ud68d\uc744 <strong>\uc138\uc6e0\uc5b4\uc694<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 764.948px; height: 15px;\">I made new year\u2019s plans.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<strong>2. Review: \uc0c8\ud574 \ubcf5 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubc1b\uc73c\uc138\uc694.<\/strong>\r\n\r\nThe New Year\u2019s wish in Korean is <strong>\uc0c8\ud574 \ubcf5 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubc1b\uc73c\uc138\uc694!<\/strong>, which means <em>Receive a lot of New Year\u2019s good fortune!<\/em>\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 30px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uac00: \ud604\uc6b0 \uc528, <strong>\uc0c8\ud574 \ubcf5 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubc1b\uc73c\uc138\uc694<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">Hyunwoo, best wishes for the new year!<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\ub098: \uace0\ub9c8\uc6cc\uc694. \uc544\ud0a4\ub77c \uc528\ub3c4 <strong>\uc0c8\ud574 \ubcf5 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubc1b\uc73c\uc138\uc694.<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">Thank you! Happy New Year to you too, Akira!<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<strong>3. TIME \ub9cc\uc774\ub2e4, TIME \ub9cc\uc5d0\r\n<\/strong>\r\n\r\nTIME \ub9cc\uc5d0 means <em>that much TIME has passed since something last happened<\/em>, usually with a sense that it\u2019s been a <em>long<\/em> time. \uc624\ub79c\ub9cc and \uc624\ub798\uac04\ub9cc are idiomatic expressions that mean <em>It\u2019s been a long time!<\/em>\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 30px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uce5c\uad6c\uac00 \ub3c8\uc744 <strong>10\ub144 \ub9cc\uc5d0<\/strong> \uac1a\uc558\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">The friend paid back the money after 10 (dang) years.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uae30\ub2e4\ub9ac\ub358 \ubc84\uc2a4\uac00 <strong>1 \uc2dc\uac04 \ub9cc\uc5d0<\/strong> \uc654\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">The bus we were waiting for came after 1 (whole) hour.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uac00: <strong>\uc624\ub79c\ub9cc<\/strong>\uc774\uc5d0\uc694!<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">Wow, it\u2019s been a long time!<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\ub098: \uc815\ub9d0 <strong>\uc624\ub798\uac04\ub9cc\uc5d0<\/strong> \ubcf4\ub124\uc694.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">We are seeing each other after such a long while!<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\ub2e8\uc5b4 \uc5f0\uc2b5<\/h2>\r\n<\/header><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 1.<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nConnect each noun on the left with its related verb on the right. Then create short sentences using the two words.\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[h5p id=\"1\"]<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 2.<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 15px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.285714%; height: 15px;\">\uacc4\ud68d<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.285714%; height: 15px;\">\uace0\ud5a5<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.285714%; height: 15px;\">\ub5a1\uad6d<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.285714%; height: 15px;\">\ubcf5<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.285714%; height: 15px;\">\uc124\ub0a0<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.285714%; height: 15px;\">\uc138\ubc30<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 14.285714%; height: 15px;\">\uc138\ubc43\ub3c8<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday.jpg\" alt=\"money pouch and \" width=\"265\" height=\"216\" class=\" wp-image-175 aligncenter\" \/>\r\n\r\n[h5p id=\"2\"]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 3.<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nUsing the expressions given in the box, talk about what Korean people and people in your culture do on New Year\u2019s Day.\r\n<table class=\"grid aligncenter\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\">\uc124\ub0a0<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\">\uba85\uc808<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\">1\uc6d4 1\uc77c<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\">\uc138\ubc30<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\">\uc138\ubc43\ub3c8<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-greeting.jpg\" alt=\"new year's greeting\" width=\"918\" height=\"585\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-174\" \/><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday.jpg\" alt=\"money pouch and \" width=\"794\" height=\"647\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-175\" \/><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/January-first.jpg\" alt=\"january first\" width=\"447\" height=\"432\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-183\" \/><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-in-hanbok.jpg\" alt=\"girl and boy bowing in hanbok\" width=\"844\" height=\"516\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-176\" \/><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-gift-money.jpg\" alt=\"new year's gift money\" width=\"908\" height=\"521\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-182\" \/><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\">\ub5a1\uad6d<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\">\uace0\ud5a5<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\">\uc18c\uc6d0\uc744 \ube4c\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\">\ubc29\ubb38\ud558\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\">\uacc4\ud68d\uc744 \uc138\uc6b0\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/rice-cake-soup.jpg\" alt=\"rice cake soup\" width=\"470\" height=\"334\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-178\" \/><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/hometown.jpg\" alt=\"hometown\" width=\"608\" height=\"533\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-185\" \/><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-making-a-wish-at-night.jpg\" alt=\"boy making a wish at night\" width=\"854\" height=\"953\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-179\" \/><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-welcoming-boy-into-home.jpg\" alt=\"girl welcoming boy into home\" width=\"1316\" height=\"824\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-186\" \/><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/planner.jpg\" alt=\"planner\" width=\"795\" height=\"614\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-187\" \/><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-11.19.34\u202fAM.png\" alt=\"Lesson 12 Diagram\" width=\"1116\" height=\"398\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-189\" \/>\r\n\r\n\uc18c\uc6d0\uc744 \ube4c\ub2e4: to make a wish\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h1 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><a id=\"L12Grammar\"><\/a>\ubb38\ubc95\uacfc \ud45c\ud604 Recipe<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<\/header><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">1. V\u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4 It Turns Out<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n<a href=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_G1Dialogue.png\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_G1Dialogue.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1509\" height=\"573\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-818 size-full\" \/><\/a>\r\n\r\n[h5p id=\"71\"]\r\n\r\n<strong>1. Review: V\u2013\uac8c \ud558\ub2e4 make someone do<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u2013\uac8c added to adjectives describes<em> in what way<\/em> something progresses or something is done in the end (e.g., \uc608\uc058\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc694, \ubc14\uc058\uac8c \uc0b4\uc544\uc694, \ube68\uac1b\uac8c \ubc1c\ub77c\uc694). Used with the <strong>verbs \ud558\ub2e4 and \ub9cc\ub4e4\ub2e4<\/strong>, it highlights the <strong>resultative sense<\/strong> \u201cto bring about\u201d and makes the grammatical <strong>long\u2013form causative<\/strong> (someone causes someone else to act in a certain way).\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 30px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uc5b4\uba38\ub2c8\uaed8\uc11c \uc124\ub0a0\uc5d0 \uce5c\uad6c \uc9d1\uc5d0 \uac00<strong>\uac8c \ud558\uc168\ub2e4<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">Mother <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">had\/let me go<\/span> to a friend\u2019s house on New Year\u2019s Day.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uce5c\uad6c\uac00 \ub098\ud55c\ud14c \uc138\ubc30\ub97c \ud558<strong>\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5c8\ub2e4<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">My friend <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">made me do<\/span> a new year\u2019s bow.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<strong>2. V\u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4 it turns out; came to be that<\/strong>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pairing -\uac8c with the verb \ub418\ub2e4, you can focus on how a situation has arisen without addressing who or what made that happen.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uc6d4\uc694\uc77c\ubd80\ud130 \uc0c8 \uc9c1\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\uc744 <strong>\uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uac8c \ub410\uc5b4<\/strong>!<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">(It turns out that) I am to start my new job on Monday!<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\ucf54\ube44\ub4dc \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc124\ub0a0\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uac00\uc871\uc744 <strong>\ubc29\ubb38\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uac8c<\/strong>\r\n<strong>\ub410\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">Because of COVID 19, I can\u2019t get together with my family.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nHere are a few more sentences showing various English senses below:\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 60px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uac00: \ub2e4\uc74c \ud559\uae30\uc5d0 \uc7a5\ud559\uae08\uc744 <strong>\ubc1b\uac8c \ub410\uc5b4\uc694<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">(It looks like) I am getting a scholarship next semester.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\ub098: \uc640, \uc798\ub410\ub124\uc694. \ucd95\ud558\ud574\uc694!<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">Wow, good for you! Congratulations!<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uc774\ubc88 \ud559\uae30\uc5d0 \uadf8 \uc218\uc5c5 <strong>\ubabb \ub4e3\uac8c \ub420 \uac70 \uac19\uc544<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">I don\u2019t think I\u2019ll be able to take that class this term.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uac00: \ub098, <strong>\ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0 \uac00\uac8c \ub410\ub2e4<\/strong>!<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">I get to go to Korea! (I\u2019ve been wanting to, and now I have the chance\/I have successfully come across money, etc.)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\ub098: \uc88b\uaca0\ub2e4. \ub098\ub294 \ubabb \uac00\uac8c \ub410\uc5b4.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">Good for you. It turns out I can\u2019t go.\r\n(Something\/someone is preventing me from going.)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nHere is the summary chart:\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 45px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 18.900524%; height: 15px;\">\uac8c \ud558\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 81.099476%; height: 15px;\">has\/lets someone do X<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 18.900524%; height: 15px;\">\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 81.099476%; height: 15px;\">makes someone do X<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 18.900524%; height: 15px;\">\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 81.099476%; height: 15px;\">comes to be in a position (either allowed or forced) to do X<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 1. \u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nComplete the sentences using the -\uc544\/\uc5b4\uc694 form of -\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4 to describe recent changes or developments in Maya's life.\r\n\r\n[h5p id=\"3\"]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ubc30\uce58\uace0\uc0ac<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">: placement test<\/span><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 2. \u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Joshua\u2019s Life in Korea:<\/strong> Using \u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4, compare Joshua\u2019s past and present experiences since he started studying abroad in Korea.\r\n\r\n<strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30)\r\n<\/strong>\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 30px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\"><strong>\uc608\uc804 Past<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\"><strong>\uc9c0\uae08 Present<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uc218\uc5c5\uc744 \uad50\uc2e4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc \ud588\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uc628\ub77c\uc778\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \uc218\uc5c5\uc744 \ud558\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<span>\u21d2 \uc608\uc804\uc5d0\ub294 \uc218\uc5c5\uc744 \uad50\uc2e4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc \ud588\ub294\ub370 \uc9c0\uae08\uc740 \uc628\ub77c\uc778\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \uc218\uc5c5\uc744 \ud558\uac8c \ub410\ub2e4.<\/span>\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><strong>\uc608\uc804 Past<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><strong>\uc9c0\uae08 Present<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">1. \ud55c\uae00\uc744 \ud558\ub098\ub3c4 \ubabb \uc77d\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\ud55c\uae00\uc744 \uc544\uc8fc \uc798 \uc77d\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">2. \ub3d9\ubb3c\uc744 \ubb34\uc11c\uc6cc\ud588\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\ubc18\ub824\ub3d9\ubb3c\uc744 \ud0a4\uc6b0\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">3. \uba85\uc808\uc5d0 \uba39\uae30\ub9cc \ud588\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uba85\uc808 \uc900\ube44\ub97c \ub9ce\uc774 \ub3d5\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">4. \ud55c\uad6d \ubb38\ud654\ub97c \uc798 \ubab0\ub790\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\ud55c\uad6d \ubb38\ud654\ub97c \ub9ce\uc774 \uc54c\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">5. \uc124\ub0a0\uc5d0 \uc138\ubc43\ub3c8\uc744 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubc1b\uc558\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uc138\ubc43\ub3c8\uc744 \uc8fc\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">6. \ub5a1\uad6d\uc744 \ubabb \uba39\uc5b4 \ubd24\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0 \uc640\uc11c \uba39\uc5b4 \ubcf4\uace0 \uc88b\uc544\ud558\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">7. \ud55c\uad6d \uce5c\uad6c\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \ud55c\uad6d \uce5c\uad6c\ub97c \ub9ce\uc774 \uc0ac\uadc0\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n1. __________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n2. __________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n3. __________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n4. __________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n5. __________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n6. __________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n7. __________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 3. \u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nAnswer the questions using \u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4 or \u2013\uac8c \ud558\ub2e4. Think about what has led you to your current situation or state, or how you ended up doing what you are doing.\r\n\r\n<strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30)<\/strong> \uac00: \ub9e4\uc6b4 \uc74c\uc2dd\uc744 \uc798 \uba39\uc5b4\uc694?\r\n<span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30) <\/strong><\/span>\ub098: \ub124. \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0 \uc640\uc11c <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\ub9e4\uc6b4 \uc74c\uc2dd\uc744 \ub9ce\uc774 \uba39\uc5b4\uc11c \uc774\uc81c\ub294 \uc798 \uba39\uac8c \ub410\uc5b4\uc694.<\/span>\r\n\r\n1. \uac00: \uc65c \ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4 \uc218\uc5c5\uc744 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc694?\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">1)<\/span> \ub098: ___________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n2. \uac00:\uc9c0\uae08 \uc5b4\ub514\uc5d0 \uc0b4\uc544\uc694? \uc65c OO\uc5d0 \uc0b4\uc544\uc694?\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">2)<\/span> \ub098: ___________________________________________________________.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3. \uac00: \ubb34\uc2a8 \ub3d9\uc544\ub9ac\uc5d0 \uac00\uc785\ud588\uc5b4\uc694? \uc65c OO \ub3d9\uc544\ub9ac\uc5d0 \uac00\uc785\ud588\uc5b4\uc694?<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">3)<\/span> \ub098: ___________________________________________________________.<\/p>\r\n4. \uac00: \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ubc30\uc6b0\/\uac00\uc218\ub97c \uc88b\uc544\ud558\uc138\uc694? \uc65c \uc88b\uc544\ud558\uc138\uc694?\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">4)<\/span> \ub098: ___________________________________________________________.<\/p>\r\n5. \uac00: \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4\ub97c \uadf8\ub807\uac8c \uc798\ud558\uc138\uc694?\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">5)<\/span> \ub098: ___________________________________________________________.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">6. \uac00: \uc65c \uc0c8\uc9d1\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc0ac\ud588\uc5b4\uc694?<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">6)<\/span> \ub098: ___________________________________________________________.<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[Your own]<\/p>\r\n7. \uac00: ___________________________________________________________.\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">7.<\/span>\u00a0\ub098: ___________________________________________________________.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 4. \u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n1. Reflect on the transformations or changes you\u2019ve experienced since childhood. Create at least 5 sentences using \u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4.\r\n\r\n<strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30) <\/strong>\uc800\ub294 \uc5b4\ub838\uc744 \ub54c\ub294 \uace0\uae30\ub97c \uc798 \uc548 \uba39\uc5c8\ub294\ub370 \uc9c0\uae08\uc740 \uace0\uae30\ub97c \uc544\uc8fc \uc88b\uc544\ud558\uac8c \ub410\uc5b4\uc694.\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>_______________________________________________________________.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">_______________________________________________________________.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">_______________________________________________________________.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">_______________________________________________________________.<\/span><\/li>\r\n \t<li><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">_______________________________________________________________.<\/span><\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n2. How did your interest in Korean language and culture develop? Give some explanations using \u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4.\r\n\r\n<strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30) <\/strong>\uace0\ub4f1\ud559\uad50 \ub54c \uce5c\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \uac19\uc774 K-pop \uc74c\uc545\uc744 \ub4e4\uc73c\uba74\uc11c \ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4\ub97c \ubc30\uc6b0\uac8c \ub410\uc5b4\uc694.\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>_______________________________________________________________.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>_______________________________________________________________.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">2. V\u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 During the Time\/While (Someone is) Verb-ing<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n<img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.29\u202fPM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2374\" height=\"424\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-196\" \/>\r\n\r\n[h5p id=\"69\"]\r\n\r\n<strong>1. Noun \ub3d9\uc548 during<\/strong>\r\n\r\nYou learned in Book 2 that (time duration N)+ \ub3d9\uc548 means \u201cduring N\u201d:\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\ubc29\ud559 <strong>\ub3d9\uc548<\/strong> \uc81c\uc8fc\ub3c4\ub97c \ubc29\ubb38\ud558\ub824\uace0 \ud574\uc694.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">I plan to visit Jeju Island during the vacation.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uba85\uc808 <strong>\ub3d9\uc548<\/strong> \ubb38\uc744 \ub2eb\uc740 \uac00\uac8c\ub4e4\uc774 \ub9ce\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">Many stores close during traditional holidays.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<strong>2. V\u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 while<\/strong>\r\n\r\nTo say \u201cduring the time (someone) is\/was VERBing\u201d or, \u201cwhile VERBing,\u201d you use the noun-modifying form V-\ub294 with \ub3d9\uc548. A natural English translation is sometimes <em>when<\/em> if the sense of time passing is clear:\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 45px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 52.526004%; height: 15px;\">\uace0\ud5a5\uc5d0 <strong>\uc788\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548<\/strong> \ub9e4\uc77c \uce5c\uad6c\ub4e4\uc744 \ub9cc\ub0ac\uc5b4\uc694.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 47.473996%; height: 15px;\">While I was staying in my hometown, I met with my friends every day.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 52.526004%; height: 15px;\">\ubc18\ub824\ub3d9\ubb3c\uc744 <strong>\ud0a4\uc6b0\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548<\/strong> \ud574\uc678\uc5ec\ud589\uc740 \uac00\uae30 \ud798\ub4e4\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 47.473996%; height: 15px;\">It is difficult to travel abroad while\/when raising a pet.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 52.526004%; height: 15px;\">\uc800\ub294 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0 <strong>\uc788\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548<\/strong> \ub108\ubb34 \ubc14\ube60\uc11c \ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4\ub97c \ubc30\uc6b8 \uae30\ud68c\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 47.473996%; height: 15px;\">I was so busy when I was in Korea -- I did not have an opportunity to learn Korean.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nThe connector \u2013(\uc73c)\uba74\uc11c from Lesson 22 of Book 2 highlights two simultaneous actions <em>by the same subject<\/em>. On the other hand, \u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 sets up a background time frame, where the activities may be done by different agents. The subject of the \u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 clause needs to have a subject particle.\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 52.868526%;\">\ub098\ub294 \ub5a1\uad6d\uc744 <strong>\ub053\uc774\uba74\uc11c<\/strong> \ubd88\uace0\uae30\ub3c4 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 47.131474%;\">I cooked rice cake soup while making bulgogi.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 52.868526%;\">\uce5c\uad6c\uac00 \ub5a1\uad6d\uc744 \ub053\uc774\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 \ub098\ub294 \ubd88\uace0\uae30\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\r\n<del>\uce5c\uad6c\uac00 \ub5a1\uad6d\uc744 \ub053\uc774\uba74\uc11c \ub098\ub294 \ubd88\uace0\uae30\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/del> (X)<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 47.131474%;\">While my friend was cooking rice cake soup, I made bulgogi.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<strong>3. Conjugation<\/strong>\r\n\r\nVerb stems do not change before \u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 as it begins with a consonant, \u3134. For \u3139\u2013ending verbs, drop \u3139 before \u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548.\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 60px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr class=\"shaded\" style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\"><strong>Dictionary Form<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\"><strong>\u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\"><strong>Dictionary Form<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\"><strong>\u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\">\ubc29\ubb38\ud558\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\">\ub053\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\">\ud0a4\uc6b0\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\">\uc0b4\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\">\ub05d\ub0b4\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\">\uad7d\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<span style=\"color: #808080;\">&lt;Answer Key&gt; \ubc29\ubb38\ud558\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548, \ud0a4\uc6b0\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548, \ub05d\ub0b4\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548, \ub053\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548, \uc0ac\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548, \uad7d\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 1. \u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nComplete the following sentences using \u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548.\r\n\r\n\uae30\uc790: reporter\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 2. \u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You and your roommate are getting ready to celebrate traditional New Year's Day in Korea. Choose chores from the to-do list below, and use \u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 to ask your partner what to do, as shown in the example below.<\/p>\r\n<strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30) <\/strong>\ub0b4\uac00 \uc9d1\uc744 <strong>\uccad\uc18c\ud558\ub294 <\/strong><strong>\ub3d9\uc548<\/strong> \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc744 \ubd10 \uc918.\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To-do list:<\/p>\r\n\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30) \uc9d1\uc744 \uccad\uc18c\ud558\uae30<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uc2dc\uc7a5\uc744 \ubcf4\uae30<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">1. \uc740\ud589\uc5d0 \uac00\uc11c \ub3c8\uc744 \ucc3e\uae30<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uacfc\uc77c\ud558\uace0 \ub5a1\uc744 \uc900\ube44\ud558\uae30<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">2. \uc804\uc744 \ubd80\uce58\uae30<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\ub5a1\uad6d\uc744 \ub053\uc774\uae30<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">3. \uace0\uae30\ub97c \ubcf6\uae30<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uc57c\ucc44\ub97c \uc370\uae30<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">4. \ubd80\ubaa8\ub2d8\uaed8 \uc804\ud654\ud558\uae30<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uce5c\uad6c\uc5d0\uac8c \uc0c8\ud574 \uce74\ub4dc \uc4f0\uae30<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">5. \uac15\uc544\uc9c0\ub97c \uba39\uc774\uae30<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uac15\uc544\uc9c0\ub97c \uc0b0\ucc45 \uc2dc\ud0a4\uae30<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">6. \ub0c9\uc7a5\uace0\ub97c \uc815\ub9ac\ud558\uae30<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uc4f0\ub808\uae30 \ubc84\ub9ac\uae30<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n1. __________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n2. __________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n3. __________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n4. __________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n5. __________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n6. __________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 3. \u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nShare your holiday traditions and preparations for New Year holiday celebrations using \u2013(\uc73c)\uba74\uc11c and \u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548.\r\n\r\n<strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30)<\/strong> \uc0c8\ud574\uac00 \uc624\uae30 \uc804 \ub0a0\uc5d0 \ud30c\ud2f0\ub97c \ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc0c8\ud574\ub97c \ucd95\ud558\ud574\uc694. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ud30c\ud2f0\ub97c \ud558\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548\u2026\r\n\r\n_______________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n_______________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n_______________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n_______________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n_______________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">3. V\u2013\uae30(\ub97c) \ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4 Hope For<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\n<img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.40\u202fPM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2414\" height=\"470\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-210\" \/>\r\n\r\n[h5p id=\"70\"]\r\n\r\n<strong>1. V\u2013\uae30(\ub97c) \ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4 wish (something good for someone else)<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4 (to wish) and \uae30\ub300\ud558\ub2e4 (to expect, anticipate) need a noun object. When a grammatical verb or adjective is the object, the \uae30 nominalizer is needed.\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 90px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 30px;\">\uc0c8\ud574 \ubcf5 \ub9ce\uc774<strong> \ubc1b\uc73c\uc2dc\uae30 \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 30px;\">I wish you a lot of good fortune in the new year.\/I hope you get\u2026<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uafc8\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\uae30\ub97c <strong>\ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">I am wishing your dream comes true.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\ud589\ubcf5\ud558\uae30\ub97c <strong>\ubc14\ub77c<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">I hope you are happy! Wishing you happiness!<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uc0dd\uc77c \uc120\ubb3c\ub85c \uc2a4\ud3ec\uce20\uce74\ub97c <strong>\uae30\ub300\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">I\u2019m anticipating\/hoping for a sports car for my birthday present.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uc0c8 \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\uc774 \uc0c8 \uc138\uc0c1\uc744 \uc5f4\uae30\ub97c <strong>\uae30\ub300\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">I expect the new president to open up a new world!<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In real life, many Koreans people say \ubc14\ub798 instead of \ubc14\ub77c.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uac00 \ud589\ubcf5\ud558\uae30 <strong>\ubc14\ub798<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">I want you to be happy.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<strong>2. \uc6d0\ud558\ub2e4 vs. \ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4 want vs. wish (for someone else)<\/strong>\r\n\r\nJust like English <em>want<\/em> and <em>wish<\/em>, Korean \uc6d0\ud558\ub2e4 expresses a general desire for oneself, and \ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4 expresses a wish for a specific situation that nobody has control over:\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uc0c8 \uce5c\uad6c\ub97c <strong>\uc6d0\ud574<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">I want a new friend.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uc6d0\ud558\uc2dc\ub294 \uc77c \ub2e4 \uc774\ub8e8\uc2dc<strong>\uae38 \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/strong>.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">It is my wish that you accomplish everything you want to do.\/ I hope \u2026<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 1. \u2013\uae30(\ub97c) \ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 15px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.111111%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ud558\ub2e4<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.111111%; height: 15px;\">\ubcf4\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.111111%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ub0ab\ub2e4<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.111111%; height: 15px;\">\uc774\ub8e8\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.111111%; height: 15px;\">\uc788\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.111111%; height: 15px;\">\ub9cc\ub098\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.111111%; height: 15px;\">\ud589\ubcf5\ud558\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.111111%; height: 15px;\">\uac74\uac15\ud558\uc2dc\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.111111%; height: 15px;\">\uae30\ub2e4\ub9ac\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n[h5p id=\"5\"]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 2. \u2013\uae30(\ub97c) \ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nWho would wish for this? Match the individuals with the wishes they might, and create sentences following the example below.\r\n\r\n<strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30)<\/strong> \ub4f1\ub85d\uae08 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc544\ub974\ubc14\uc774\ud2b8\ud558\ub294 \ub8f8\uba54\uc774\ud2b8\u00a0 - \ub2e4\uc74c \ud559\uae30\uc5d0 \uc7a5\ud559\uae08\uc744 \ubc1b\ub2e4 --&gt; <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\ub2e4\uc74c \ud559\uae30\uc5d0 \uc7a5\ud559\uae08\uc744 \ubc1b\uae38 \ubc14\ub784\uac8c!<\/span>\r\n<table class=\"lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 135px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr class=\"shaded\" style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 3.4423%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 19.787%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<div><b><span>Person<\/span><\/b><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 6.71124%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 10.5745%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 2.25359%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.2313%; height: 15px;\"><b><span>Wish<\/span><\/b><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 3.4423%; height: 15px;\">1.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 19.787%; height: 15px;\"><span lang=\"KO\"><strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30)<\/strong> \ub4f1\ub85d\uae08 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc544\ub974\ubc14\uc774\ud2b8\ud558\ub294 \ub8f8\uba54\uc774\ud2b8<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 6.71124%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 10.5745%; height: 15px;\"><span>_______<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 2.25359%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.2313%; height: 15px;\">\ub2e4\uc74c \ud559\uae30\uc5d0 \uc7a5\ud559\uae08\uc744 \ubc1b\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 3.4423%; height: 15px;\">2.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 19.787%; height: 15px;\">\ub18d\uad6c\ub97c \uc88b\uc544\ud558\ub294 \ucd08\ub4f1\ud559\uc0dd<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 6.71124%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 10.5745%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 2.25359%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.2313%; height: 15px;\">\ub9db\uc9d1\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\uba85\ud574\uc9c0\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 3.4423%; height: 15px;\">3.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 19.787%; height: 15px;\"><span lang=\"KO\">\uc0c8 \uc2dd\ub2f9\uc744 \uc5f0 \uc694\ub9ac\uc0ac<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 6.71124%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 10.5745%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 2.25359%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.2313%; height: 15px;\">\ud0a4\uac00 \ub9ce\uc774 \ucee4\uc11c \ub18d\uad6c \uc120\uc218\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 3.4423%; height: 15px;\">4.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 19.787%; height: 15px;\"><span lang=\"KO\">\uc878\uc5c5\ud558\ub294 \ub300\ud559\uc0dd<\/span><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 6.71124%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 10.5745%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 2.25359%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.2313%; height: 15px;\">\uac74\uac15\ud558\uc2dc\uace0 \uc624\ub798 \uc0ac\uc2dc\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 3.4423%; height: 15px;\">5.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 19.787%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc138\ubc30\ub97c \ubc1b\uc73c\uc2dc\ub294 \ud560\uba38\ub2c8<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 6.71124%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 10.5745%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 2.25359%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.2313%; height: 15px;\">\uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \uc9c1\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ucde8\uc9c1\ud558\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 3.4423%; height: 15px;\">6.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 19.787%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ud574\uc678\uc5ec\ud589\uc744 \uac00\ub294 \uce5c\uad6c<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 6.71124%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 10.5745%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 2.25359%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.2313%; height: 15px;\">\uc18c\uc6d0\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\ub2e4<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 3.4423%; height: 15px;\">7.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 19.787%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc720\ud29c\ubc84\uac00 \ub418\uace0 \uc2f6\uc5b4 \ud558\ub294 \ub3d9\uc0dd<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 6.71124%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 10.5745%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 2.25359%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 57.2313%; height: 15px;\">\uc990\uac70\uc6b4 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \ubcf4\ub0b4\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n1. __________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n2. __________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n3. __________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n4. __________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n5. __________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n6. __________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n7. __________________________________________________________.\r\n\r\n\uad6c\ub3c5\uc790: subscriber\r\n\ucd08\ub4f1\ud559\uc0dd: elementary school student\r\n\ub300\ud559\uc6d0\uc0dd: graduate student\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 3. \u2013\uae30(\ub97c) \ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nWhat would be your wish for each of the following people? Write two sentences as shown in the examples.\r\n\r\n<strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30)<\/strong> [\uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8] \u00a0 \u00a0 \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8, \ud56d\uc0c1 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\uac74\uac15\ud558\uc2dc\uae30\ub97c \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/span>.\r\n\r\n<span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30) <\/strong><\/span>[\ub8f8\uba54\uc774\ud2b8] \u00a0\uc774\ubc88 \ud559\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \uc77c\ucc0d \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\uc11c \uc218\uc5c5\uc5d0 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\ub2a6\uc9c0 \uc54a\uae30\ub97c \ubc14\ub77c<\/span>.\r\n\r\n1. [\ubd80\ubaa8\ub2d8]\r\n\r\n2. [\ud560\uba38\ub2c8, \ud560\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0]\r\n\r\n3. [\ud68c\uc0ac \ub3d9\ub8cc]\r\n\r\n4. [\uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8]\r\n\r\n5. [\ub204\ub098, \uc5b8\ub2c8, \ud615, \uc624\ube60, \ub3d9\uc0dd]\r\n\r\n6. [\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4 \uc218\uc5c5 \uce5c\uad6c]\r\n\r\n7. [\uc81c\uc77c \uce5c\ud55c \uce5c\uad6c]\r\n\r\n8. [your own] ______________________\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">4. \uc885\ud569 \uc5f0\uc2b5 Role Play<\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nCreate a role play with your partner using the key grammar expressions and new vocabulary from this lesson. Include 5 to 6 meaningful rounds of dialogue. Take turns and feel free to add details to make the conversation lively and real.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><strong>Context:<\/strong> Two classmates are reunited in class for the first time since New Year\u2019s Day and are catching up. Update each other with new events in your lives and share New Year\u2019s wishes.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Participants:<\/strong> Two people who are in the same class for their continuing education.<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Key Expressions:<\/strong> \u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4, \u2013(\uc73c)\uba74 \uc88b\uaca0\ub2e4, \u2013\uae30 \ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4<\/li>\r\n \t<li><strong>Sample dialogue:<\/strong><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n[h5p id=\"72\"]\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 169px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 124px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 124px;\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.04.50\u202fPM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2368\" height=\"434\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-214\" \/><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 15px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Roleplay_2.png\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Roleplay_2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1500\" height=\"277\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-810 size-full\" \/><\/a><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 15px;\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.05.51\u202fPM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2330\" height=\"422\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-217\" \/><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.06.48\u202fPM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2316\" height=\"438\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-218\" \/><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h1 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><a id=\"L12Tasks\"><\/a>\ud574 \ubd10\uc694! Let's Cook!<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<\/header><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #696969;\">Interpretive Task 1. \ub4e3\uae30<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nIt is the New Year's holiday season, and Maya is talking with her grandparents in Korea via video conference.\r\n\r\n[h5p id=\"64\"]\r\n\r\n<img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-video-chatting-with-grandparents.jpg\" alt=\"boy video chatting with grandparents\" width=\"234\" height=\"317\" class=\"wp-image-220 aligncenter\" \/>\r\n\r\n1. Listen to the conversation and write as much as you recall in Korean.\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>\u00a0__________________________________________________________.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u00a0__________________________________________________________.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u00a0__________________________________________________________.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u00a0__________________________________________________________.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>\u00a0__________________________________________________________.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n2. Listen to the conversation again and answer the questions in English.\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>What are some things Maya hopes to achieve in the near future?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>What is Grandpa planning to send Maya, and how?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>What does Maya want to do with her grandparents next year?<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<strong>Helpful Vocabulary<\/strong>\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\uc7a5\ud559\uae08: scholarship\r\n\ud559\uae30: semester<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #696969;\">Interpretive &amp; Interpersonal Task 2. \uc77d\uace0 \uc4f0\uae30<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>New Year\u2019s Card Message<\/strong><\/p>\r\n1. You received a new year\u2019s card from one of your classmates in the Korean program. Read the card message.\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\">\ub9c8\uc57c \uc528, \uc0c8\ud574 \ubcf5 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubc1b\uc73c\uc138\uc694!\r\n\r\n\uc62c\ud574 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4\ubc18\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9c8\uc57c \uc528\ub97c \uc54c\uac8c \ub418\uc5b4\uc11c \ub108\ubb34 \uc88b\uc558\uc5b4\uc694. \uac19\uc774 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4 \uacf5\ubd80\ub3c4 \ud558\uace0 \uc5ec\ud589\ub3c4 \ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc88b\uc740 \ucd94\uc5b5 \ub9ce\uc774 \uc0dd\uae34 \uac83 \uac19\uc544\uc694. \uace0\ub9c8\uc6cc\uc694!\r\n\r\n\ub0b4\ub144\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc5b8\uc81c\ub098 \uac74\uac15\ud558\uace0, \ud589\ubcf5\ud558\uae30 \ubc14\ub784\uac8c\uc694. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\ub4e4\ub3c4 \ubaa8\ub450 \uc774\ub8e8\uae30 \ubc14\ub77c\uc694.\r\n\uc0c8\ud574\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ub9c8\uc57c \uc528\ud558\uace0 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4 \uc218\uc5c5\uc5d0\uc11c \uac19\uc774 \ubc30\uc6b0\uac8c \ub3fc\uc11c \ucc38 \uae30\ubed0\uc694. \uc218\uc5c5\uc744 \ub4e3\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 \uac19\uc774 \ud14c\ub2c8\uc2a4 \ub3d9\ud638\ud68c \ud65c\ub3d9\ub3c4 \uacc4\uc18d\ud558\uace0 \uc77c\ubcf8 \uc5ec\ud589\ub3c4 \uac19\uc774 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba74 \uc88b\uaca0\uc5b4\uc694. ^^\r\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">20OO\ub144 1\uc6d4 1\uc77c<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\uc720\ucf54<\/p>\r\n<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n2. Now write a new year\u2019s card to the classmate in Korean.\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\">&nbsp;\r\n\r\n&nbsp;<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #696969;\">Interpersonal &amp; Presentational Task 3. \ub9d0\ud558\uace0 \ubc1c\ud45c\ud558\uae30<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Intercultural Table<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<img src=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-to-elders-while-wearing-hanbok.jpg\" alt=\"girl and boy bowing to elders while wearing hanbok\" width=\"330\" height=\"286\" class=\"wp-image-221 aligncenter\" \/>\r\n<ol>\r\n \t<li>Welcome back everyone. The topic of this week is New Year celebrations. Let\u2019s talk and learn how people in the world celebrate the new year.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>In your culture, how do you say \"Happy New Year\u201d?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>What do you commonly say as new year's greetings or wishes to other people?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>How do you celebrate the new year?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Is there any special food eaten at the new year?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>[Your questions]<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Coffee and Talk<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ol start=\"2\">\r\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You are a member of \u2018Coffee and Talk,\u2019 a well-being club where members talk about various topics to vent to and support each other while drinking coffee or tea together at a caf\u00e9 in Korea.\u00a0Today is the first gathering of this year.<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Reflecting on yourself and your life over the last year, what were some of the highlights and challenges?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Are there things you couldn\u2019t do before but became able to do? Or vice versa?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>This new year, do you have things you would like to try?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Do you have a wish list or a bucket list for the new year?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Do you make new year\u2019s resolutions? Why or why not?<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Do you have any questions, tips, or advice for your friends?<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h1 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><a id=\"L12Culture\"><\/a>\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4\uc640 \ud55c\uad6d \ubb38\ud654 Korean Flavors<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<\/header><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #696969;\">Language Point: Use of Markers Afters a Noun - Topic Particle \u2013\uc740\/\ub294 1<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nSo\u2026 when <em>are<\/em> markers used? In written Korean they are <strong><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">usually<\/span><\/em><\/strong> used, and in spoken Korean they are usually left out. When they are said in spoken Korean, it is to serve a specific purpose; to express a certain meaning, to achieve a certain goal, as you will see.\r\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You may have heard the same sentence said some times with \uc740\/\ub294 and other times with \uc774\/\uac00.<\/p>\r\n\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uc624\ube60<strong>\ub294<\/strong> \uc9d1\uc5d0 \uc5c6\uc5b4\uc694.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">My older brother is not at home.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uc624\ube60<strong>\uac00<\/strong> \uc9d1\uc5d0 \uc5c6\uc5b4\uc694.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">My older brother is not at home.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nThe English translation is sometimes the same. The two sentences above are fundamentally different to native Korean speakers, however.\r\n\r\nHere is the summary:\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 60px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\">marks \u2026<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\">is called \u2026<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\"><strong>\u2013\uc740\/\ub294:<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\">TOPIC \/ old information<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\">topic marker (particle)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\"><strong>\u2013\uc774\/\uac00:<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\">FOCUS \/ new information<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\">subject marker (particle)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\"><strong>\u2013\uc744\/\ub97c:<\/strong> (for emphasis in spoken Korean)\r\n(by default in written Korean)<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\">\r\n<div><span>OBJECT<\/span><\/div><\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\">object marker (particle)<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<strong>\u2013\uc740\/\ub294 Topic<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\u2013\uc740\/\ub294 marks what is called OLD information, that is, what has been previously introduced into the dialogue or what the speaker and the listener already know about. Once you have brought something up, you can talk <em>about<\/em> it, and when you do, it gets the TOPIC marker, because the topic is what the rest of the clause is about.\r\n\r\n\uc624\ub298 \ud559\uad50\uc5d0\uc11c \uac1c \ud55c \ub9c8\ub9ac\ub97c \ubd24\uc5b4\uc694. \uadf8 \uac1c<strong>\ub294<\/strong> \uaf2c\ub9ac\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uc5b4\uc694.\r\nI saw a dog at school today. The dog (which I saw at school) did not have a tail.\r\n\r\n\uc800\ub294 \uc624\ube60\uac00 \uc138 \uba85 \uc788\ub294\ub370 \ud070 \uc624\ube60\ub294 \ub300\ud559\uc0dd\uc774\uace0 \ub458\uc9f8\ud558\uace0 \uc14b\uc9f8 \uc624\ube60<strong>\ub294<\/strong> \uace0\ub4f1\ud559\uc0dd\uc774\uc5d0\uc694.\r\nI have three older brothers \u2013 the big brother (one of the three that I just introduced) is a college student, the second and the third ones are high school students.\r\n\r\nBecause the topic is old or shared information, the particle <strong data-start=\"125\" data-end=\"132\">\uc740\/\ub294<\/strong> is often used in Korean in contexts where English would use <em data-start=\"193\" data-end=\"198\">the<\/em> (e.g., \u201cthe guy (we are talking about),\u201d \u201cthe teacher,\u201d \u201cthe country\u201d). It is generally not used in situations where English would use <em data-start=\"334\" data-end=\"337\">a<\/em> (e.g., \u201ca guy,\u201d \u201ca teacher\u201d)*.\r\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 30px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 30px;\">*Except when you are defining the category:\r\n\r\nA teacher is someone who teaches. \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc740 \uac00\ub974\uce58\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n\uaca8\uc6b8\uc5d0\ub294 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \ub098\ubb34<strong>\uac00<\/strong> \uc637\uc744 \ubc97\ub294\ub2e4. \uc637\uc744 \ubc97\uc740 \ub098\ubb34\ub294 \ubc14\ub78c\uc774 \ubd88\uba74 \ucd94\uc704\uc5d0 \ub5a8\uc9c0\ub9cc\u2026\r\nMost trees take off their clothes in the winter. <em>The trees<\/em> that take off their clothes shiver in the wind, but\u2026\r\n\r\nBecause the topic marker is used when you have just introduced the noun into the conversation, it is also often used in Korean where you would use a <em><strong>pronoun<\/strong><\/em> in English.\r\n\r\n\ub3d9\uc0dd\uc774 \ucc45\uc744 \ud55c \uad8c \uc0dd\uc77c \uc120\ubb3c\ub85c \ubc1b\uc558\uc5b4\uc694. \uadf8 \ucc45<strong>\uc740<\/strong> \ud55c\uad6d \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucc45\uc774\uc5c8\uc5b4\uc694.\r\nMy younger sibling received a book as a birthday gift. <em><strong>It<\/strong><\/em> was about Korean history.\r\n\r\nSome things are always available as topics, even if they have not yet been mentioned in the conversation; for example, \u201cI\u201d, \u201cyou\u201d, \u201ctoday\u201d, \u201chere\u201d, etc., and also nearby physical objects (\u201cthis desk\u201d). And if the real-world context is appropriate, other things can be topics without first being mentioned (e.g. the <em>teacher<\/em>, when you\u2019ve gotten out of class).\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 30px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uc624\ub298<strong>\uc740<\/strong> \uc65c \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ucd94\uc6cc?<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">What\u2019s up with <em>today<\/em>? Why is it so cold?<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uc774 \ucc45\uc0c1<strong>\uc740<\/strong> \ub204\uad6c \uac70\uc608\uc694?<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">What about this desk? Whose is it?<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\nObjects can be topics, too, again either to change the topic or to emphasize:\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 45px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uac00: \ucee4\ud53c \ub4dc\uc2e4\ub798\uc694?<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">Do you want some coffee?<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\ub098: \uc544, \ucee4\ud53c<strong>\ub294<\/strong> \uc548 \ub9c8\uc2dc\ub294\ub370\uc694.<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">Oh, coffee I don\u2019t drink.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<strong>Conclusion:<\/strong>\r\n\r\nSo in the sentence, \uc624\ube60<strong>\ub294<\/strong> \uc9d1\uc5d0 \uc5c6\uc5b4\uc694, there must have already been some mention of the older brother or of the speaker\u2019s family members. <em>Older brother<\/em> could then be a <strong>Topic<\/strong>, and the sentence just adds some information about his whereabouts.\r\n\r\n(In \uc624\ube60<strong>\uac00<\/strong> \uc9d1\uc5d0 \uc5c6\uc5b4\uc694, the whole sentence is new information \u2013 we are surprised to notice that he is not at home, or someone just asked about <em>older brother\u2019s<\/em> whereabouts specifically.)\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #696969;\">\ud55c\uad6d \ubb38\ud654 \uae38\uc7a1\uc774<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \uba85\uc808 (Korean Traditional Holidays)<\/strong><\/p>\r\nThere are many traditional holidays that Koreans used to celebrate, but the main holidays in modern Korea are \uc124\ub0a0, New Year\u2019s Day, and \ucd94\uc11d, the harvest celebration in the fall. In Korean traditions (perhaps due to Confucian influences), family is central. In turn, traditional holidays are centered around family\u2013and of course feasting together. Korean people celebrate these two holidays for three days, starting from the day before each holiday, often resulting in a week of vacation when combined with the weekend. Consequently, more and more people use this opportunity to take a trip either in Korea or abroad.\r\n\r\n<strong>\uc124\ub0a0<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\uc124\ub0a0, New Year\u2019s Day, \u2013\u2013 on the lunar calendar, originally \u2013\u2013 is a celebration of a new start in the Eastern zodiac, when people think about their luck and destiny for the coming year.\r\n\r\nIn a ritual stemming both from ancient Korean ancestor worship and from Confucianism, on New Year\u2019s day, children are expected to make a full formal bow, \uc138\ubc30 (kneeling, then prostrate on the floor) for their parents, to show thanks and respect, and the parents in turn give children a sum of money for the coming year.\r\n\r\nKoreans eat \ud325\uc8fd, red bean porridge\/soup with soft \ub5a1 (rice cake) in it, on New year\u2019s Eve (\uadf8\ubbd0\ub0a0). The color red is believed to scare away evil spirits. Then on New Year\u2019s Day, Koreans eat \ub5a1\uad6d [\ub9cc\uad6d in North Korea], the white \ub5a1 symbolizing purity and austerity for the new year and the length of the \ub5a1 representing a wish for long life. Traditionally, everyone ages by one year (at the same time) on New year\u2019s day, and since Koreans consider babies to be \u201cone year old\u201d at birth, there may be a two-year difference, depending on the date, between one\u2019s \u201cKorean age\u201d and their \u201cAmerican\/Western age.\u201d\r\n\r\n<strong>\ucd94\uc11d <\/strong>\r\n\r\nClearly stemming from old farming practices is the autumn Harvest Festival, \ucd94\uc11d, a three-day holiday centered on the full moon in the middle of the 8th month of the lunar calendar, right at the Autumn Equinox. \ucd94\uc11d features a family feast where Koreans visit their hometowns and older relatives to celebrate the harvest. It is much like American Thanksgiving, but \ucd94\uc11d is also a time to pay respects to one\u2019s elders and ancestors.\r\n\r\nAncestral worship rituals, \ucc28\ub840, are performed early in the morning. Many Koreans will also visit the tombs of their immediate ancestors for \ubc8c\ucd08, trimming the grass, pulling weeds and generally cleaning up the area around the burial mounds. They also leave offerings of symbolic foods, drinks, and crops.\r\n\r\n\ucd94\uc11d is also a time to enjoy the full moon. Koreans say that on the face of the full moon, there are two rabbits pounding rice with a mortar and pestle to make \ub5a1. If you make a wish on the full moon, Koreans (traditionally) believe, it will come true.\r\n\r\nOne of the main foods prepared and eaten during the \ucd94\uc11d holiday is \uc1a1\ud3b8, a crescent-shaped \ub5a1 which is steamed on pine needles. Other dishes commonly prepared are \uc7a1\ucc44, \ubd88\uace0\uae30, and of course, fresh fruits and vegetables.\r\n\r\nThere are also folk games and customs that some may engage in at festival gatherings, such as \uac15\uac15\uc220\ub798 (circle dance (an intangible cultural heritage, designated by UNESCO in 2009)) and \uc904\ub2e4\ub9ac\uae30 (tug-of-war). People, especially children, may also dress in \ud55c\ubcf5, and there may be traditional music, singing and drumming.\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">For more information about Korean traditional holidays, visit Korea.net:\r\nhttps:\/\/www.korea.net\/AboutKorea\/Korean-Life\/Festivals<\/p>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h1 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4\uc694! I Got This!<\/span><\/h1>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\r\n\r\nCheck to see if you can do the following:\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Share new year\u2019s plans and wishes.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Talk about changes of events and new developments.<\/li>\r\n \t<li>Recognize how Korean people celebrate Korean New Year.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 320px;\" border=\"0\">\r\n<tbody>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\" colspan=\"2\"><strong>Listening Script<\/strong>\r\n\r\n[h5p id=\"64\"]<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub9c8\uc57c:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ud560\uba38\ub2c8, \ud560\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0, \uc0c8\ud574 \ubcf5 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubc1b\uc73c\uc138\uc694! \uc138\ubc30\ubc1b\uc73c\uc138\uc694.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ud560\uba38\ub2c8:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub410\uc5b4, \ub410\uc5b4. \ubb58 \ube44\ub514\uc624\ub85c.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub9c8\uc57c:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\uc544\ub2c8\uc5d0\uc694. \uc138\ubc30\ubc1b\uc73c\uc138\uc694. [\uc138\ubc30\ud55c\ub2e4]<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ud560\uba38\ub2c8:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\uadf8\ub798, \uc6b0\ub9ac \ub9c8\uc57c\ub3c4 \uc0c8\ud574 \ubcf5 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubc1b\uace0 \uc88b\uc740 \uc77c \ub9ce\uc774 \uc0dd\uae30\uae38 \ubc14\ub780\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ud560\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\uadf8\ub798, \uac74\uac15\ud558\uace0 \uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \uac70 \ub2e4 \uc774\ub8e8\uae38 \ubc14\ub780\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub9c8\uc57c:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub124, \ub124. \uac10\uc0ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud560\uba38\ub2c8, \ud560\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc0c8\ud574\uc5d0 \uac74\uac15\ud558\uc138\uc694!<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ud560\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\uadf8\ub798, \uadf8\ub798. \uace0\ub9d9\ub2e4. \uc138\ubc43\ub3c8\uc740 \uc740\ud589\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\ub0b4 \uc904\uac8c.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub9c8\uc57c:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\uc544, \uac10\uc0ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4! \uc798 \uc4f8\uac8c\uc694.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ud560\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\uadf8\ub798. \ubcc4\uc77c \uc5c6\uace0?<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub9c8\uc57c:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\uc0ac\uc2e4, \uc5ec\ub984 \ubc29\ud559\uc5d0 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0 \uad50\ud658\ud559\uc0dd\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\uac8c \ub410\uc5b4\uc694!<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 10px; vertical-align: top;\">\ud560\uba38\ub2c8:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 10px; vertical-align: top;\">\uc815\ub9d0\uc774\uc57c? \uc798 \ub410\uad6c\ub098! \uc5bc\ub9c8 \ub3d9\uc548 \uc788\uac8c \ub3fc?<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub9c8\uc57c:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\uc720\uc6d4\ubd80\ud130 \ud314\uc6d4\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc138 \ub2ec \ub3d9\uc548 \uc788\uac8c \ub3fc\uc694. \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 \ud560\uba38\ub2c8, \ud560\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubd59\uace0 \uc2f6\uc5b4\uc694!<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ud560\uba38\ub2c8:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\uadf8\ub798, \uadf8\ub7f4 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba74 \uc815\ub9d0 \uc88b\uaca0\ub2e4.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 10px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub9c8\uc57c:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 10px; vertical-align: top;\">\uc81c\uac00 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0 \uac00\uba74 \uac19\uc774 \ubb50 \ud574 \ubcf4\uc2dc\uace0 \uc2f6\uc73c\uc138\uc694?<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ud560\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub098? \uc6b0\ub9ac \ub9c8\uc57c\ub791 \uac19\uc774 \uc81c\uc8fc\ub3c4\uc5d0 \uc5ec\ud589\ub3c4 \uac00\uace0 \ub4f1\uc0b0\ub3c4 \ud558\uace0, \uac19\uc774 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \ubcf4\ub0b4\uace0 \uc2f6\uc9c0. \ub108\ub294?<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub9c8\uc57c:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\uc800\ub3c4 \uc81c\uc8fc\ub3c4\uc5d0 \uaf2d \uac19\uc774 \uc5ec\ud589 \uac00\uba74 \uc88b\uaca0\uc5b4\uc694. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc88b\uc740 \uc778\ud134\uc2ed\ub3c4 \ucc3e\uc73c\uba74 \uc88b\uaca0\uc5b4\uc694.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; vertical-align: top; height: 15px;\">\ud560\uba38\ub2c8:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; vertical-align: top; height: 15px;\">\uadf8\ub798, \uaf2d \uadf8\ub807\uac8c \ub418\uae38 \ubc14\ub780\ub2e4. \ud559\uad50\ub294 \uc2dc\uc791\ud588\uc5b4?<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; vertical-align: top; height: 15px;\">\ub9c8\uc57c:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; vertical-align: top; height: 15px;\">\ub124, \uc9c0\ub09c\uc8fc\uc5d0 \ubc8c\uc368 \uc2dc\uc791\ud588\uc5b4\uc694.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; vertical-align: top; height: 15px;\">\ud560\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; vertical-align: top; height: 15px;\">\uadf8\ub807\uad6c\ub098. \uc62c\ud574\ub3c4 \uac74\uac15\ud574\ub77c.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; vertical-align: top; height: 15px;\">\ud560\uba38\ub2c8:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; vertical-align: top; height: 15px;\">\uc798 \uc788\uc5b4~<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\r\n<td style=\"width: 11.9614%; vertical-align: top; height: 15px;\">\ub9c8\uc57c:<\/td>\r\n<td style=\"width: 88.0386%; vertical-align: top; height: 15px;\">\uc548\ub155\ud788 \uacc4\uc138\uc694! \ub610 \uc5f0\ub77d \ub4dc\ub9b4\uac8c\uc694!<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\r\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><a id=\"L12Async\"><\/a><a id=\"\"><\/a>\uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c \ud574\ubd10\uc694! Now You Try!<\/span><\/h2>\r\n<\/header>\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4wb\/chapter\/lesson12\/\">12\uacfc Workbook Link<\/a><\/li>\r\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk3tasks\/chapter\/lesson2\/\">12\uacfc Communicative Tasks Link<\/a><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h1 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">\ud559\uc2b5 \ubaa9\ud45c Goals<\/span><\/h1>\n<\/header>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #696969;\">By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<ul>\n<li>Share new year&#8217;s plans and wishes.<\/li>\n<li>Talk about changes of events and new developments.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize how Korean people celebrate Korean New Year.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h1 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">\ub4e4\uc5b4\uac00\uae30 Setting Up<\/span><\/h1>\n<\/header>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #696969;\">Lesson Focus<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#L12Vocab\">INGREDIENTS &#8211; \ub2e8\uc5b4 Vocabulary<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li>New Year<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#L12Grammar\">RECIPE &#8211; \ubb38\ubc95\uacfc \ud45c\ud604 Grammar<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li>V\u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4<\/li>\n<li>V\u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548<\/li>\n<li>V\u2013\uae30 \ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#L12Tasks\">LET&#8217;S COOK &#8211; \ud574 \ubd10\uc694! Classroom Tasks<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li>Interpretive Task 1: <span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">New Year\u2019s greetings<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Interpretive &amp; Interpersonal Task 2:\u00a0New Year\u2019s card message<\/li>\n<li>Interpersonal &amp; Presentational Task 3: <span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">Intercultural table\/ Coffee and talk<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#L12Culture\">KOREAN FLAVORS &#8211; \ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4\uc640 \ud55c\uad6d \ubb38\ud654 Korean Language and Culture<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">Use of markers after nouns: Topic particle <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">\u2013<\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\uc740<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">\/<\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\ub294 <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">1<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">Korean traditional holidays\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#L12Async\">NOW YOU TRY! &#8211; \uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c \ud574\ubd10\uc694! Async. Practices and Tasks<\/a>\n<ul>\n<li>Integrated Performance Task Link<\/li>\n<li>WB Link<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc9dd\ud558\uace0 \uc598\uae30\ud574 \ubd10\uc694! Share your thoughts!<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>How do you celebrate the new year? What are these two people saying?<\/p>\n<div id=\"h5p-62\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-62\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"62\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"4.12_Intro\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1491\" height=\"292\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-815 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_1.png 1491w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_1-300x59.png 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_1-1024x201.png 1024w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_1-768x150.png 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_1-65x13.png 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_1-225x44.png 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_1-350x69.png 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1491px) 100vw, 1491px\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1486\" height=\"292\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-811 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_2.png 1486w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_2-300x59.png 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_2-1024x201.png 1024w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_2-768x151.png 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_2-65x13.png 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_2-225x44.png 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_2-350x69.png 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1486px) 100vw, 1486px\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_3-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_3-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1485\" height=\"343\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-813 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_3-1.png 1485w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_3-1-300x69.png 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_3-1-1024x237.png 1024w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_3-1-768x177.png 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_3-1-65x15.png 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_3-1-225x52.png 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Intro_3-1-350x81.png 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1485px) 100vw, 1485px\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h1 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><a id=\"L12Vocab\"><\/a>\ub2e8\uc5b4 Ingredients<\/span><\/h1>\n<\/header>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc124\ub0a0 New Year&#8217;s Day<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<\/div>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-greeting.jpg\" alt=\"new year's greeting\" width=\"918\" height=\"585\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-174\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-greeting.jpg 918w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-greeting-300x191.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-greeting-768x489.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-greeting-65x41.jpg 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-greeting-225x143.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-greeting-350x223.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 918px) 100vw, 918px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday.jpg\" alt=\"traditional holiday\" width=\"794\" height=\"647\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-175\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday.jpg 794w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday-300x244.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday-768x626.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday-65x53.jpg 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday-225x183.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday-350x285.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 794px) 100vw, 794px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-in-hanbok.jpg\" alt=\"girl and boy bowing in hanbok\" width=\"844\" height=\"516\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-176\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-in-hanbok.jpg 844w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-in-hanbok-300x183.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-in-hanbok-768x470.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-in-hanbok-65x40.jpg 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-in-hanbok-225x138.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-in-hanbok-350x214.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 844px) 100vw, 844px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/money-pouch-and-envelope.jpg\" alt=\"money pouch and envelope\" width=\"1023\" height=\"583\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-177\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/money-pouch-and-envelope.jpg 1023w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/money-pouch-and-envelope-300x171.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/money-pouch-and-envelope-768x438.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/money-pouch-and-envelope-65x37.jpg 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/money-pouch-and-envelope-225x128.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/money-pouch-and-envelope-350x199.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1023px) 100vw, 1023px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/rice-cake-soup.jpg\" alt=\"rice cake soup\" width=\"470\" height=\"334\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-178\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/rice-cake-soup.jpg 470w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/rice-cake-soup-300x213.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/rice-cake-soup-65x46.jpg 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/rice-cake-soup-225x160.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/rice-cake-soup-350x249.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 470px) 100vw, 470px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-making-a-wish-at-night.jpg\" alt=\"boy making a wish at night\" width=\"854\" height=\"953\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-179\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-making-a-wish-at-night.jpg 854w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-making-a-wish-at-night-269x300.jpg 269w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-making-a-wish-at-night-768x857.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-making-a-wish-at-night-65x73.jpg 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-making-a-wish-at-night-225x251.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-making-a-wish-at-night-350x391.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 854px) 100vw, 854px\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\uc124\ub0a0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uba85\uc808<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc138\ubc30<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc138\ubc43\ub3c8<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ub5a1\uad6d<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc18c\uc6d0<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">New Year\u2019s Day<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">traditional holiday<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">New Year\u2019s bow<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">New Year\u2019s gift money<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">rice cake soup<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 16.666667%;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">wish<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc0c8 \ub2e8\uc5b4\uc640 \ud45c\ud604 <span>Other Vocabulary and Expressions<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<\/div>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 180px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uace0\ud5a5<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">hometown<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ubc29\ubb38<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">(<\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\ud558\ub2e4<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">)<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to visit<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 36px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 36px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ub4f1\ub85d\uae08<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 36px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">tuition<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 36px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc138\uc6b0\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 36px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to make something stand\/stop; to build (buildings); to make (plans)<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ubc18\ub824<\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\ub3d9\ubb3c<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">companion animal<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc774\uc0ac<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">(<\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\ud558\ub2e4<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">)<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to move (household)<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc138\ubc30<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">New Year\u2019s bow<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc774\ub8e8\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to make (something) come true<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc608\uc804<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">old days<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uae30\uc058\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to be joyful<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc7a5\ud559\uae08<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">scholarship<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc881\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to be small\/narrow<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc9c1\uc7a5<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">workplace<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ud589\ubcf5<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">(<\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\ud558\ub2e4<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">)<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to be happy<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ud574\uc678<\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\uc5ec\ud589<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">international travel<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ud56d\uc0c1<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">always<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to hope for<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 25.033829%;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">NOUN <\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\ub9cc\uc774\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.033829%;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">it\u2019s been NOUN<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.033829%;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uacc4\ud68d\uc744 <\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\uc138\uc6b0\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.033829%;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to make plans<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 25.033829%;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc138\ubc30\ub97c <\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\ub4dc\ub9ac\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.033829%;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to perform New Year\u2019s bowing ritual <\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.033829%;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ud0a4\uac00 <\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\ud06c\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25.033829%;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to be tall<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\ubcf5\uc2b5 \ub2e8\uc5b4 Review<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<\/div>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 54px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc720\ud559\ud558\ub2e4 <\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">\/<\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\uc720\ud559\uc744 \uac00\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to study abroad<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uac74\uac15\ud574\uc9c0\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to become healthy<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc778\ud134\uc2ed\ud558\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to do an internship<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc0c8 <\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\uce5c\uad6c\ub97c <\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\uc0ac\uadc0\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to make new friends<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 18px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc678\uad6d\uc5b4\ub97c <\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\ubc30\uc6b0\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to learn a foreign language<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uac00\uc871\ud558\uace0 <\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\uc2dc\uac04\uc744 <\/span><span lang=\"KO\">\ubcf4\ub0b4\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 18px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"EN-US\">to spend time with family<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--key-takeaways\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\ub2e8\uc5b4 \uba54\ubaa8\uc9c0 Vocabulary Notes<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p><strong>1. More Causative Verbs<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In Lesson 8, we learned causative verbs that mean <em>to make someone do something<\/em>. We will learn two more causative verbs in this lesson; \ud0a4\uc6b0\ub2e4 (from \ud06c\ub2e4) <em>to make something become big; to grow, to raise<\/em> and \uc138\uc6b0\ub2e4 (from \uc11c\ub2e4) <em>to make something stand up\/stop; to build, to make<\/em>.<\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 45px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 764.948px; height: 15px;\">\ubc18\ub824\ub3d9\ubb3c\uc744 <strong>\ud0a4\uc6b0\uae30\ub85c<\/strong> \ud588\uc5b4\uc694.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 764.948px; height: 15px;\">I\u2019ve decided to get a pet (Lit., I\u2019ve decided to raise a pet).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 764.948px; height: 15px;\">\uc800 \ucf54\ub108\uc5d0 \ucc28\ub97c <strong>\uc138\uc6b0\uc138\uc694<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 764.948px; height: 15px;\">Stop\/park the car in that corner.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 764.948px; height: 15px;\">\uc0c8\ud574 \uacc4\ud68d\uc744 <strong>\uc138\uc6e0\uc5b4\uc694<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 764.948px; height: 15px;\">I made new year\u2019s plans.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>2. Review: \uc0c8\ud574 \ubcf5 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubc1b\uc73c\uc138\uc694.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The New Year\u2019s wish in Korean is <strong>\uc0c8\ud574 \ubcf5 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubc1b\uc73c\uc138\uc694!<\/strong>, which means <em>Receive a lot of New Year\u2019s good fortune!<\/em><\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 30px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uac00: \ud604\uc6b0 \uc528, <strong>\uc0c8\ud574 \ubcf5 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubc1b\uc73c\uc138\uc694<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">Hyunwoo, best wishes for the new year!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\ub098: \uace0\ub9c8\uc6cc\uc694. \uc544\ud0a4\ub77c \uc528\ub3c4 <strong>\uc0c8\ud574 \ubcf5 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubc1b\uc73c\uc138\uc694.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">Thank you! Happy New Year to you too, Akira!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>3. TIME \ub9cc\uc774\ub2e4, TIME \ub9cc\uc5d0<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>TIME \ub9cc\uc5d0 means <em>that much TIME has passed since something last happened<\/em>, usually with a sense that it\u2019s been a <em>long<\/em> time. \uc624\ub79c\ub9cc and \uc624\ub798\uac04\ub9cc are idiomatic expressions that mean <em>It\u2019s been a long time!<\/em><\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 30px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uce5c\uad6c\uac00 \ub3c8\uc744 <strong>10\ub144 \ub9cc\uc5d0<\/strong> \uac1a\uc558\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">The friend paid back the money after 10 (dang) years.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uae30\ub2e4\ub9ac\ub358 \ubc84\uc2a4\uac00 <strong>1 \uc2dc\uac04 \ub9cc\uc5d0<\/strong> \uc654\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">The bus we were waiting for came after 1 (whole) hour.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uac00: <strong>\uc624\ub79c\ub9cc<\/strong>\uc774\uc5d0\uc694!<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">Wow, it\u2019s been a long time!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\ub098: \uc815\ub9d0 <strong>\uc624\ub798\uac04\ub9cc\uc5d0<\/strong> \ubcf4\ub124\uc694.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">We are seeing each other after such a long while!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\ub2e8\uc5b4 \uc5f0\uc2b5<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 1.<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Connect each noun on the left with its related verb on the right. Then create short sentences using the two words.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\n<div id=\"h5p-1\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-1\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"1\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Lesson 12 \ub2e8\uc5b4 \uc5f0\uc2b5 1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 2.<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 15px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 14.285714%; height: 15px;\">\uacc4\ud68d<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.285714%; height: 15px;\">\uace0\ud5a5<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.285714%; height: 15px;\">\ub5a1\uad6d<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.285714%; height: 15px;\">\ubcf5<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.285714%; height: 15px;\">\uc124\ub0a0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.285714%; height: 15px;\">\uc138\ubc30<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 14.285714%; height: 15px;\">\uc138\ubc43\ub3c8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday.jpg\" alt=\"money pouch and\" width=\"265\" height=\"216\" class=\"wp-image-175 aligncenter\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday.jpg 794w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday-300x244.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday-768x626.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday-65x53.jpg 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday-225x183.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday-350x285.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 265px) 100vw, 265px\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\"h5p-2\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-2\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"2\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Lesson 12 \ub2e8\uc5b4 \uc5f0\uc2b5 2\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 3.<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Using the expressions given in the box, talk about what Korean people and people in your culture do on New Year\u2019s Day.<\/p>\n<table class=\"grid aligncenter\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\">\uc124\ub0a0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\">\uba85\uc808<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\">1\uc6d4 1\uc77c<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\">\uc138\ubc30<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\">\uc138\ubc43\ub3c8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-greeting.jpg\" alt=\"new year's greeting\" width=\"918\" height=\"585\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-174\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-greeting.jpg 918w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-greeting-300x191.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-greeting-768x489.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-greeting-65x41.jpg 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-greeting-225x143.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-greeting-350x223.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 918px) 100vw, 918px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday.jpg\" alt=\"money pouch and\" width=\"794\" height=\"647\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-175\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday.jpg 794w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday-300x244.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday-768x626.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday-65x53.jpg 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday-225x183.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/traditional-holiday-350x285.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 794px) 100vw, 794px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/January-first.jpg\" alt=\"january first\" width=\"447\" height=\"432\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-183\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/January-first.jpg 447w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/January-first-300x290.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/January-first-65x63.jpg 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/January-first-225x217.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/January-first-350x338.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 447px) 100vw, 447px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-in-hanbok.jpg\" alt=\"girl and boy bowing in hanbok\" width=\"844\" height=\"516\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-176\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-in-hanbok.jpg 844w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-in-hanbok-300x183.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-in-hanbok-768x470.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-in-hanbok-65x40.jpg 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-in-hanbok-225x138.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-in-hanbok-350x214.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 844px) 100vw, 844px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-gift-money.jpg\" alt=\"new year's gift money\" width=\"908\" height=\"521\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-182\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-gift-money.jpg 908w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-gift-money-300x172.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-gift-money-768x441.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-gift-money-65x37.jpg 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-gift-money-225x129.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/New-Year_s-gift-money-350x201.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 908px) 100vw, 908px\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\">\ub5a1\uad6d<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\">\uace0\ud5a5<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\">\uc18c\uc6d0\uc744 \ube4c\ub2e4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\">\ubc29\ubb38\ud558\ub2e4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\">\uacc4\ud68d\uc744 \uc138\uc6b0\ub2e4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/rice-cake-soup.jpg\" alt=\"rice cake soup\" width=\"470\" height=\"334\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-178\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/rice-cake-soup.jpg 470w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/rice-cake-soup-300x213.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/rice-cake-soup-65x46.jpg 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/rice-cake-soup-225x160.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/rice-cake-soup-350x249.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 470px) 100vw, 470px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/hometown.jpg\" alt=\"hometown\" width=\"608\" height=\"533\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-185\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/hometown.jpg 608w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/hometown-300x263.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/hometown-65x57.jpg 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/hometown-225x197.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/hometown-350x307.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 608px) 100vw, 608px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-making-a-wish-at-night.jpg\" alt=\"boy making a wish at night\" width=\"854\" height=\"953\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-179\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-making-a-wish-at-night.jpg 854w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-making-a-wish-at-night-269x300.jpg 269w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-making-a-wish-at-night-768x857.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-making-a-wish-at-night-65x73.jpg 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-making-a-wish-at-night-225x251.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-making-a-wish-at-night-350x391.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 854px) 100vw, 854px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-welcoming-boy-into-home.jpg\" alt=\"girl welcoming boy into home\" width=\"1316\" height=\"824\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-186\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-welcoming-boy-into-home.jpg 1316w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-welcoming-boy-into-home-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-welcoming-boy-into-home-1024x641.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-welcoming-boy-into-home-768x481.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-welcoming-boy-into-home-65x41.jpg 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-welcoming-boy-into-home-225x141.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-welcoming-boy-into-home-350x219.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1316px) 100vw, 1316px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 20%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/planner.jpg\" alt=\"planner\" width=\"795\" height=\"614\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-187\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/planner.jpg 795w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/planner-300x232.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/planner-768x593.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/planner-65x50.jpg 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/planner-225x174.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/planner-350x270.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 795px) 100vw, 795px\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-11.19.34\u202fAM.png\" alt=\"Lesson 12 Diagram\" width=\"1116\" height=\"398\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-189\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-11.19.34\u202fAM.png 1116w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-11.19.34\u202fAM-300x107.png 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-11.19.34\u202fAM-1024x365.png 1024w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-11.19.34\u202fAM-768x274.png 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-11.19.34\u202fAM-65x23.png 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-11.19.34\u202fAM-225x80.png 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-11.19.34\u202fAM-350x125.png 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1116px) 100vw, 1116px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\uc18c\uc6d0\uc744 \ube4c\ub2e4: to make a wish<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h1 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><a id=\"L12Grammar\"><\/a>\ubb38\ubc95\uacfc \ud45c\ud604 Recipe<\/span><\/h1>\n<\/header>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">1. V\u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4 It Turns Out<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_G1Dialogue.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_G1Dialogue.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1509\" height=\"573\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-818 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_G1Dialogue.png 1509w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_G1Dialogue-300x114.png 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_G1Dialogue-1024x389.png 1024w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_G1Dialogue-768x292.png 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_G1Dialogue-65x25.png 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_G1Dialogue-225x85.png 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_G1Dialogue-350x133.png 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1509px) 100vw, 1509px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"h5p-71\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-71\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"71\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"4.12_G1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>1. Review: V\u2013\uac8c \ud558\ub2e4 make someone do<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2013\uac8c added to adjectives describes<em> in what way<\/em> something progresses or something is done in the end (e.g., \uc608\uc058\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc694, \ubc14\uc058\uac8c \uc0b4\uc544\uc694, \ube68\uac1b\uac8c \ubc1c\ub77c\uc694). Used with the <strong>verbs \ud558\ub2e4 and \ub9cc\ub4e4\ub2e4<\/strong>, it highlights the <strong>resultative sense<\/strong> \u201cto bring about\u201d and makes the grammatical <strong>long\u2013form causative<\/strong> (someone causes someone else to act in a certain way).<\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 30px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uc5b4\uba38\ub2c8\uaed8\uc11c \uc124\ub0a0\uc5d0 \uce5c\uad6c \uc9d1\uc5d0 \uac00<strong>\uac8c \ud558\uc168\ub2e4<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">Mother <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">had\/let me go<\/span> to a friend\u2019s house on New Year\u2019s Day.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uce5c\uad6c\uac00 \ub098\ud55c\ud14c \uc138\ubc30\ub97c \ud558<strong>\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5c8\ub2e4<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">My friend <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">made me do<\/span> a new year\u2019s bow.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>2. V\u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4 it turns out; came to be that<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pairing -\uac8c with the verb \ub418\ub2e4, you can focus on how a situation has arisen without addressing who or what made that happen.<\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uc6d4\uc694\uc77c\ubd80\ud130 \uc0c8 \uc9c1\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\uc744 <strong>\uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uac8c \ub410\uc5b4<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">(It turns out that) I am to start my new job on Monday!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\ucf54\ube44\ub4dc \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc124\ub0a0\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uac00\uc871\uc744 <strong>\ubc29\ubb38\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uac8c<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\ub410\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">Because of COVID 19, I can\u2019t get together with my family.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Here are a few more sentences showing various English senses below:<\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 60px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uac00: \ub2e4\uc74c \ud559\uae30\uc5d0 \uc7a5\ud559\uae08\uc744 <strong>\ubc1b\uac8c \ub410\uc5b4\uc694<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">(It looks like) I am getting a scholarship next semester.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\ub098: \uc640, \uc798\ub410\ub124\uc694. \ucd95\ud558\ud574\uc694!<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">Wow, good for you! Congratulations!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uc774\ubc88 \ud559\uae30\uc5d0 \uadf8 \uc218\uc5c5 <strong>\ubabb \ub4e3\uac8c \ub420 \uac70 \uac19\uc544<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">I don\u2019t think I\u2019ll be able to take that class this term.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uac00: \ub098, <strong>\ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0 \uac00\uac8c \ub410\ub2e4<\/strong>!<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">I get to go to Korea! (I\u2019ve been wanting to, and now I have the chance\/I have successfully come across money, etc.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\ub098: \uc88b\uaca0\ub2e4. \ub098\ub294 \ubabb \uac00\uac8c \ub410\uc5b4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">Good for you. It turns out I can\u2019t go.<br \/>\n(Something\/someone is preventing me from going.)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Here is the summary chart:<\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 45px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 18.900524%; height: 15px;\">\uac8c \ud558\ub2e4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 81.099476%; height: 15px;\">has\/lets someone do X<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 18.900524%; height: 15px;\">\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4\ub2e4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 81.099476%; height: 15px;\">makes someone do X<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 18.900524%; height: 15px;\">\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 81.099476%; height: 15px;\">comes to be in a position (either allowed or forced) to do X<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 1. \u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Complete the sentences using the -\uc544\/\uc5b4\uc694 form of -\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4 to describe recent changes or developments in Maya&#8217;s life.<\/p>\n<div id=\"h5p-3\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-3\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"3\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Lesson 12 \ubb38\ubc95 \uc5f0\uc2b5 1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ubc30\uce58\uace0\uc0ac<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">: placement test<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 2. \u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p><strong>Joshua\u2019s Life in Korea:<\/strong> Using \u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4, compare Joshua\u2019s past and present experiences since he started studying abroad in Korea.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30)<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 30px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\"><strong>\uc608\uc804 Past<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\"><strong>\uc9c0\uae08 Present<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uc218\uc5c5\uc744 \uad50\uc2e4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc \ud588\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uc628\ub77c\uc778\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \uc218\uc5c5\uc744 \ud558\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span>\u21d2 \uc608\uc804\uc5d0\ub294 \uc218\uc5c5\uc744 \uad50\uc2e4\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc \ud588\ub294\ub370 \uc9c0\uae08\uc740 \uc628\ub77c\uc778\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \uc218\uc5c5\uc744 \ud558\uac8c \ub410\ub2e4.<\/span><\/p>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><strong>\uc608\uc804 Past<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\"><strong>\uc9c0\uae08 Present<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">1. \ud55c\uae00\uc744 \ud558\ub098\ub3c4 \ubabb \uc77d\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\ud55c\uae00\uc744 \uc544\uc8fc \uc798 \uc77d\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">2. \ub3d9\ubb3c\uc744 \ubb34\uc11c\uc6cc\ud588\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\ubc18\ub824\ub3d9\ubb3c\uc744 \ud0a4\uc6b0\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">3. \uba85\uc808\uc5d0 \uba39\uae30\ub9cc \ud588\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uba85\uc808 \uc900\ube44\ub97c \ub9ce\uc774 \ub3d5\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">4. \ud55c\uad6d \ubb38\ud654\ub97c \uc798 \ubab0\ub790\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\ud55c\uad6d \ubb38\ud654\ub97c \ub9ce\uc774 \uc54c\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">5. \uc124\ub0a0\uc5d0 \uc138\ubc43\ub3c8\uc744 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubc1b\uc558\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uc138\ubc43\ub3c8\uc744 \uc8fc\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">6. \ub5a1\uad6d\uc744 \ubabb \uba39\uc5b4 \ubd24\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0 \uc640\uc11c \uba39\uc5b4 \ubcf4\uace0 \uc88b\uc544\ud558\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">7. \ud55c\uad6d \uce5c\uad6c\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \ud55c\uad6d \uce5c\uad6c\ub97c \ub9ce\uc774 \uc0ac\uadc0\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>1. __________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>2. __________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>3. __________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>4. __________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>5. __________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>6. __________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>7. __________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 3. \u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Answer the questions using \u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4 or \u2013\uac8c \ud558\ub2e4. Think about what has led you to your current situation or state, or how you ended up doing what you are doing.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30)<\/strong> \uac00: \ub9e4\uc6b4 \uc74c\uc2dd\uc744 \uc798 \uba39\uc5b4\uc694?<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30) <\/strong><\/span>\ub098: \ub124. \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0 \uc640\uc11c <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\ub9e4\uc6b4 \uc74c\uc2dd\uc744 \ub9ce\uc774 \uba39\uc5b4\uc11c \uc774\uc81c\ub294 \uc798 \uba39\uac8c \ub410\uc5b4\uc694.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>1. \uac00: \uc65c \ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4 \uc218\uc5c5\uc744 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc694?<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">1)<\/span> \ub098: ___________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>2. \uac00:\uc9c0\uae08 \uc5b4\ub514\uc5d0 \uc0b4\uc544\uc694? \uc65c OO\uc5d0 \uc0b4\uc544\uc694?<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">2)<\/span> \ub098: ___________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">3. \uac00: \ubb34\uc2a8 \ub3d9\uc544\ub9ac\uc5d0 \uac00\uc785\ud588\uc5b4\uc694? \uc65c OO \ub3d9\uc544\ub9ac\uc5d0 \uac00\uc785\ud588\uc5b4\uc694?<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">3)<\/span> \ub098: ___________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>4. \uac00: \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ubc30\uc6b0\/\uac00\uc218\ub97c \uc88b\uc544\ud558\uc138\uc694? \uc65c \uc88b\uc544\ud558\uc138\uc694?<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">4)<\/span> \ub098: ___________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>5. \uac00: \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4\ub97c \uadf8\ub807\uac8c \uc798\ud558\uc138\uc694?<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">5)<\/span> \ub098: ___________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">6. \uac00: \uc65c \uc0c8\uc9d1\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc0ac\ud588\uc5b4\uc694?<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">6)<\/span> \ub098: ___________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">[Your own]<\/p>\n<p>7. \uac00: ___________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">7.<\/span>\u00a0\ub098: ___________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 4. \u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>1. Reflect on the transformations or changes you\u2019ve experienced since childhood. Create at least 5 sentences using \u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30) <\/strong>\uc800\ub294 \uc5b4\ub838\uc744 \ub54c\ub294 \uace0\uae30\ub97c \uc798 \uc548 \uba39\uc5c8\ub294\ub370 \uc9c0\uae08\uc740 \uace0\uae30\ub97c \uc544\uc8fc \uc88b\uc544\ud558\uac8c \ub410\uc5b4\uc694.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>_______________________________________________________________.<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">_______________________________________________________________.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">_______________________________________________________________.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">_______________________________________________________________.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 1rem;\">_______________________________________________________________.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>2. How did your interest in Korean language and culture develop? Give some explanations using \u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30) <\/strong>\uace0\ub4f1\ud559\uad50 \ub54c \uce5c\uad6c\ud558\uace0 \uac19\uc774 K-pop \uc74c\uc545\uc744 \ub4e4\uc73c\uba74\uc11c \ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4\ub97c \ubc30\uc6b0\uac8c \ub410\uc5b4\uc694.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>_______________________________________________________________.<\/li>\n<li>_______________________________________________________________.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">2. V\u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 During the Time\/While (Someone is) Verb-ing<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.29\u202fPM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2374\" height=\"424\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-196\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.29\u202fPM.png 2374w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.29\u202fPM-300x54.png 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.29\u202fPM-1024x183.png 1024w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.29\u202fPM-768x137.png 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.29\u202fPM-1536x274.png 1536w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.29\u202fPM-2048x366.png 2048w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.29\u202fPM-65x12.png 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.29\u202fPM-225x40.png 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.29\u202fPM-350x63.png 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2374px) 100vw, 2374px\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\"h5p-69\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-69\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"69\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"4.12_G2\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>1. Noun \ub3d9\uc548 during<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>You learned in Book 2 that (time duration N)+ \ub3d9\uc548 means \u201cduring N\u201d:<\/p>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\ubc29\ud559 <strong>\ub3d9\uc548<\/strong> \uc81c\uc8fc\ub3c4\ub97c \ubc29\ubb38\ud558\ub824\uace0 \ud574\uc694.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">I plan to visit Jeju Island during the vacation.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uba85\uc808 <strong>\ub3d9\uc548<\/strong> \ubb38\uc744 \ub2eb\uc740 \uac00\uac8c\ub4e4\uc774 \ub9ce\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">Many stores close during traditional holidays.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>2. V\u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 while<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>To say \u201cduring the time (someone) is\/was VERBing\u201d or, \u201cwhile VERBing,\u201d you use the noun-modifying form V-\ub294 with \ub3d9\uc548. A natural English translation is sometimes <em>when<\/em> if the sense of time passing is clear:<\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 45px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 52.526004%; height: 15px;\">\uace0\ud5a5\uc5d0 <strong>\uc788\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548<\/strong> \ub9e4\uc77c \uce5c\uad6c\ub4e4\uc744 \ub9cc\ub0ac\uc5b4\uc694.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 47.473996%; height: 15px;\">While I was staying in my hometown, I met with my friends every day.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 52.526004%; height: 15px;\">\ubc18\ub824\ub3d9\ubb3c\uc744 <strong>\ud0a4\uc6b0\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548<\/strong> \ud574\uc678\uc5ec\ud589\uc740 \uac00\uae30 \ud798\ub4e4\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 47.473996%; height: 15px;\">It is difficult to travel abroad while\/when raising a pet.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 52.526004%; height: 15px;\">\uc800\ub294 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0 <strong>\uc788\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548<\/strong> \ub108\ubb34 \ubc14\ube60\uc11c \ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4\ub97c \ubc30\uc6b8 \uae30\ud68c\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 47.473996%; height: 15px;\">I was so busy when I was in Korea &#8212; I did not have an opportunity to learn Korean.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>The connector \u2013(\uc73c)\uba74\uc11c from Lesson 22 of Book 2 highlights two simultaneous actions <em>by the same subject<\/em>. On the other hand, \u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 sets up a background time frame, where the activities may be done by different agents. The subject of the \u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 clause needs to have a subject particle.<\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 52.868526%;\">\ub098\ub294 \ub5a1\uad6d\uc744 <strong>\ub053\uc774\uba74\uc11c<\/strong> \ubd88\uace0\uae30\ub3c4 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 47.131474%;\">I cooked rice cake soup while making bulgogi.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 52.868526%;\">\uce5c\uad6c\uac00 \ub5a1\uad6d\uc744 \ub053\uc774\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 \ub098\ub294 \ubd88\uace0\uae30\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<br \/>\n<del>\uce5c\uad6c\uac00 \ub5a1\uad6d\uc744 \ub053\uc774\uba74\uc11c \ub098\ub294 \ubd88\uace0\uae30\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/del> (X)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 47.131474%;\">While my friend was cooking rice cake soup, I made bulgogi.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>3. Conjugation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Verb stems do not change before \u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 as it begins with a consonant, \u3134. For \u3139\u2013ending verbs, drop \u3139 before \u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548.<\/p>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 60px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"shaded\" style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\"><strong>Dictionary Form<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\"><strong>\u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\"><strong>Dictionary Form<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\"><strong>\u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\">\ubc29\ubb38\ud558\ub2e4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\">\ub053\ub2e4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\">\ud0a4\uc6b0\ub2e4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\">\uc0b4\ub2e4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\">\ub05d\ub0b4\ub2e4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\">\uad7d\ub2e4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808080;\">&lt;Answer Key&gt; \ubc29\ubb38\ud558\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548, \ud0a4\uc6b0\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548, \ub05d\ub0b4\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548, \ub053\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548, \uc0ac\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548, \uad7d\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 1. \u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Complete the following sentences using \u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548.<\/p>\n<p>\uae30\uc790: reporter<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 2. \u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You and your roommate are getting ready to celebrate traditional New Year&#8217;s Day in Korea. Choose chores from the to-do list below, and use \u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 to ask your partner what to do, as shown in the example below.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30) <\/strong>\ub0b4\uac00 \uc9d1\uc744 <strong>\uccad\uc18c\ud558\ub294 <\/strong><strong>\ub3d9\uc548<\/strong> \uc2dc\uc7a5\uc744 \ubd10 \uc918.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To-do list:<\/p>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30) \uc9d1\uc744 \uccad\uc18c\ud558\uae30<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uc2dc\uc7a5\uc744 \ubcf4\uae30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">1. \uc740\ud589\uc5d0 \uac00\uc11c \ub3c8\uc744 \ucc3e\uae30<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uacfc\uc77c\ud558\uace0 \ub5a1\uc744 \uc900\ube44\ud558\uae30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">2. \uc804\uc744 \ubd80\uce58\uae30<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\ub5a1\uad6d\uc744 \ub053\uc774\uae30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">3. \uace0\uae30\ub97c \ubcf6\uae30<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uc57c\ucc44\ub97c \uc370\uae30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">4. \ubd80\ubaa8\ub2d8\uaed8 \uc804\ud654\ud558\uae30<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uce5c\uad6c\uc5d0\uac8c \uc0c8\ud574 \uce74\ub4dc \uc4f0\uae30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">5. \uac15\uc544\uc9c0\ub97c \uba39\uc774\uae30<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uac15\uc544\uc9c0\ub97c \uc0b0\ucc45 \uc2dc\ud0a4\uae30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">6. \ub0c9\uc7a5\uace0\ub97c \uc815\ub9ac\ud558\uae30<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uc4f0\ub808\uae30 \ubc84\ub9ac\uae30<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>1. __________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>2. __________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>3. __________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>4. __________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>5. __________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>6. __________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 3. \u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Share your holiday traditions and preparations for New Year holiday celebrations using \u2013(\uc73c)\uba74\uc11c and \u2013\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30)<\/strong> \uc0c8\ud574\uac00 \uc624\uae30 \uc804 \ub0a0\uc5d0 \ud30c\ud2f0\ub97c \ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc0c8\ud574\ub97c \ucd95\ud558\ud574\uc694. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ud30c\ud2f0\ub97c \ud558\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548\u2026<\/p>\n<p>_______________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>_______________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>_______________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>_______________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>_______________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">3. V\u2013\uae30(\ub97c) \ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4 Hope For<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.40\u202fPM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2414\" height=\"470\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-210\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.40\u202fPM.png 2414w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.40\u202fPM-300x58.png 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.40\u202fPM-1024x199.png 1024w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.40\u202fPM-768x150.png 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.40\u202fPM-1536x299.png 1536w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.40\u202fPM-2048x399.png 2048w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.40\u202fPM-65x13.png 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.40\u202fPM-225x44.png 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-19-at-9.01.40\u202fPM-350x68.png 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2414px) 100vw, 2414px\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\"h5p-70\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-70\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"70\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"4.12_G3\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>1. V\u2013\uae30(\ub97c) \ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4 wish (something good for someone else)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4 (to wish) and \uae30\ub300\ud558\ub2e4 (to expect, anticipate) need a noun object. When a grammatical verb or adjective is the object, the \uae30 nominalizer is needed.<\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 90px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 30px;\">\uc0c8\ud574 \ubcf5 \ub9ce\uc774<strong> \ubc1b\uc73c\uc2dc\uae30 \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 30px;\">I wish you a lot of good fortune in the new year.\/I hope you get\u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uafc8\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\uae30\ub97c <strong>\ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">I am wishing your dream comes true.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\ud589\ubcf5\ud558\uae30\ub97c <strong>\ubc14\ub77c<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">I hope you are happy! Wishing you happiness!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uc0dd\uc77c \uc120\ubb3c\ub85c \uc2a4\ud3ec\uce20\uce74\ub97c <strong>\uae30\ub300\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">I\u2019m anticipating\/hoping for a sports car for my birthday present.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uc0c8 \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\uc774 \uc0c8 \uc138\uc0c1\uc744 \uc5f4\uae30\ub97c <strong>\uae30\ub300\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">I expect the new president to open up a new world!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In real life, many Koreans people say \ubc14\ub798 instead of \ubc14\ub77c.<\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uac00 \ud589\ubcf5\ud558\uae30 <strong>\ubc14\ub798<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">I want you to be happy.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>2. \uc6d0\ud558\ub2e4 vs. \ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4 want vs. wish (for someone else)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Just like English <em>want<\/em> and <em>wish<\/em>, Korean \uc6d0\ud558\ub2e4 expresses a general desire for oneself, and \ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4 expresses a wish for a specific situation that nobody has control over:<\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uc0c8 \uce5c\uad6c\ub97c <strong>\uc6d0\ud574<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">I want a new friend.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uc6d0\ud558\uc2dc\ub294 \uc77c \ub2e4 \uc774\ub8e8\uc2dc<strong>\uae38 \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">It is my wish that you accomplish everything you want to do.\/ I hope \u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 1. \u2013\uae30(\ub97c) \ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 15px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.111111%; height: 15px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ud558\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 11.111111%; height: 15px;\">\ubcf4\ub2e4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 11.111111%; height: 15px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ub0ab\ub2e4<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 11.111111%; height: 15px;\">\uc774\ub8e8\ub2e4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 11.111111%; height: 15px;\">\uc788\ub2e4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 11.111111%; height: 15px;\">\ub9cc\ub098\ub2e4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 11.111111%; height: 15px;\">\ud589\ubcf5\ud558\ub2e4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 11.111111%; height: 15px;\">\uac74\uac15\ud558\uc2dc\ub2e4<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 11.111111%; height: 15px;\">\uae30\ub2e4\ub9ac\ub2e4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div id=\"h5p-5\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-5\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"5\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Lesson 12 \ubb38\ubc95 3 \uc5f0\uc2b5 1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 2. \u2013\uae30(\ub97c) \ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Who would wish for this? Match the individuals with the wishes they might, and create sentences following the example below.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30)<\/strong> \ub4f1\ub85d\uae08 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc544\ub974\ubc14\uc774\ud2b8\ud558\ub294 \ub8f8\uba54\uc774\ud2b8\u00a0 &#8211; \ub2e4\uc74c \ud559\uae30\uc5d0 \uc7a5\ud559\uae08\uc744 \ubc1b\ub2e4 &#8211;&gt; <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\ub2e4\uc74c \ud559\uae30\uc5d0 \uc7a5\ud559\uae08\uc744 \ubc1b\uae38 \ubc14\ub784\uac8c!<\/span><\/p>\n<table class=\"lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 135px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"shaded\" style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 3.4423%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.787%; height: 15px;\">\n<div><b><span>Person<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 6.71124%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.5745%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 2.25359%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 57.2313%; height: 15px;\"><b><span>Wish<\/span><\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 3.4423%; height: 15px;\">1.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.787%; height: 15px;\"><span lang=\"KO\"><strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30)<\/strong> \ub4f1\ub85d\uae08 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc544\ub974\ubc14\uc774\ud2b8\ud558\ub294 \ub8f8\uba54\uc774\ud2b8<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 6.71124%; height: 15px;\">\n<ul>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.5745%; height: 15px;\"><span>_______<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 2.25359%; height: 15px;\">\n<ul>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 57.2313%; height: 15px;\">\ub2e4\uc74c \ud559\uae30\uc5d0 \uc7a5\ud559\uae08\uc744 \ubc1b\ub2e4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 3.4423%; height: 15px;\">2.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.787%; height: 15px;\">\ub18d\uad6c\ub97c \uc88b\uc544\ud558\ub294 \ucd08\ub4f1\ud559\uc0dd<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 6.71124%; height: 15px;\">\n<ul>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.5745%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 2.25359%; height: 15px;\">\n<ul>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 57.2313%; height: 15px;\">\ub9db\uc9d1\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\uba85\ud574\uc9c0\ub2e4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 3.4423%; height: 15px;\">3.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.787%; height: 15px;\"><span lang=\"KO\">\uc0c8 \uc2dd\ub2f9\uc744 \uc5f0 \uc694\ub9ac\uc0ac<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 6.71124%; height: 15px;\">\n<ul>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.5745%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 2.25359%; height: 15px;\">\n<ul>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 57.2313%; height: 15px;\">\ud0a4\uac00 \ub9ce\uc774 \ucee4\uc11c \ub18d\uad6c \uc120\uc218\uac00 \ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 3.4423%; height: 15px;\">4.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.787%; height: 15px;\"><span lang=\"KO\">\uc878\uc5c5\ud558\ub294 \ub300\ud559\uc0dd<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 6.71124%; height: 15px;\">\n<ul>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.5745%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 2.25359%; height: 15px;\">\n<ul>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 57.2313%; height: 15px;\">\uac74\uac15\ud558\uc2dc\uace0 \uc624\ub798 \uc0ac\uc2dc\ub2e4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 3.4423%; height: 15px;\">5.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.787%; height: 15px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc138\ubc30\ub97c \ubc1b\uc73c\uc2dc\ub294 \ud560\uba38\ub2c8<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 6.71124%; height: 15px;\">\n<ul>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.5745%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 2.25359%; height: 15px;\">\n<ul>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 57.2313%; height: 15px;\">\uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \uc9c1\uc7a5\uc5d0 \ucde8\uc9c1\ud558\ub2e4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 3.4423%; height: 15px;\">6.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.787%; height: 15px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\ud574\uc678\uc5ec\ud589\uc744 \uac00\ub294 \uce5c\uad6c<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 6.71124%; height: 15px;\">\n<ul>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.5745%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 2.25359%; height: 15px;\">\n<ul>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 57.2313%; height: 15px;\">\uc18c\uc6d0\uc744 \uc774\ub8e8\ub2e4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 3.4423%; height: 15px;\">7.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 19.787%; height: 15px;\">\n<div><span lang=\"KO\">\uc720\ud29c\ubc84\uac00 \ub418\uace0 \uc2f6\uc5b4 \ud558\ub294 \ub3d9\uc0dd<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 6.71124%; height: 15px;\">\n<ul>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 10.5745%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 2.25359%; height: 15px;\">\n<ul>\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 57.2313%; height: 15px;\">\uc990\uac70\uc6b4 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \ubcf4\ub0b4\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>1. __________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>2. __________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>3. __________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>4. __________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>5. __________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>6. __________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>7. __________________________________________________________.<\/p>\n<p>\uad6c\ub3c5\uc790: subscriber<br \/>\n\ucd08\ub4f1\ud559\uc0dd: elementary school student<br \/>\n\ub300\ud559\uc6d0\uc0dd: graduate student<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">\uc5f0\uc2b5 3. \u2013\uae30(\ub97c) \ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>What would be your wish for each of the following people? Write two sentences as shown in the examples.<\/p>\n<p><strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30)<\/strong> [\uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8] \u00a0 \u00a0 \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8, \ud56d\uc0c1 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\uac74\uac15\ud558\uc2dc\uae30\ub97c \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><strong>(\ub9db\ubcf4\uae30) <\/strong><\/span>[\ub8f8\uba54\uc774\ud2b8] \u00a0\uc774\ubc88 \ud559\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \uc77c\ucc0d \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\uc11c \uc218\uc5c5\uc5d0 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\ub2a6\uc9c0 \uc54a\uae30\ub97c \ubc14\ub77c<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>1. [\ubd80\ubaa8\ub2d8]<\/p>\n<p>2. [\ud560\uba38\ub2c8, \ud560\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0]<\/p>\n<p>3. [\ud68c\uc0ac \ub3d9\ub8cc]<\/p>\n<p>4. [\uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8]<\/p>\n<p>5. [\ub204\ub098, \uc5b8\ub2c8, \ud615, \uc624\ube60, \ub3d9\uc0dd]<\/p>\n<p>6. [\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4 \uc218\uc5c5 \uce5c\uad6c]<\/p>\n<p>7. [\uc81c\uc77c \uce5c\ud55c \uce5c\uad6c]<\/p>\n<p>8. [your own] ______________________<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\">4. \uc885\ud569 \uc5f0\uc2b5 Role Play<\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Create a role play with your partner using the key grammar expressions and new vocabulary from this lesson. Include 5 to 6 meaningful rounds of dialogue. Take turns and feel free to add details to make the conversation lively and real.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Context:<\/strong> Two classmates are reunited in class for the first time since New Year\u2019s Day and are catching up. Update each other with new events in your lives and share New Year\u2019s wishes.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Participants:<\/strong> Two people who are in the same class for their continuing education.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Key Expressions:<\/strong> \u2013\uac8c \ub418\ub2e4, \u2013(\uc73c)\uba74 \uc88b\uaca0\ub2e4, \u2013\uae30 \ubc14\ub77c\ub2e4<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sample dialogue:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"h5p-72\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-72\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"72\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"4.12_Dialogue\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 169px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 124px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 124px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.04.50\u202fPM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2368\" height=\"434\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-214\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.04.50\u202fPM.png 2368w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.04.50\u202fPM-300x55.png 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.04.50\u202fPM-1024x188.png 1024w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.04.50\u202fPM-768x141.png 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.04.50\u202fPM-1536x282.png 1536w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.04.50\u202fPM-2048x375.png 2048w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.04.50\u202fPM-65x12.png 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.04.50\u202fPM-225x41.png 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.04.50\u202fPM-350x64.png 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2368px) 100vw, 2368px\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 15px;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Roleplay_2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Roleplay_2.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1500\" height=\"277\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-810 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Roleplay_2.png 1500w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Roleplay_2-300x55.png 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Roleplay_2-1024x189.png 1024w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Roleplay_2-768x142.png 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Roleplay_2-65x12.png 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Roleplay_2-225x42.png 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2026\/06\/L12_Roleplay_2-350x65.png 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 15px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.05.51\u202fPM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2330\" height=\"422\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-217\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.05.51\u202fPM.png 2330w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.05.51\u202fPM-300x54.png 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.05.51\u202fPM-1024x185.png 1024w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.05.51\u202fPM-768x139.png 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.05.51\u202fPM-1536x278.png 1536w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.05.51\u202fPM-2048x371.png 2048w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.05.51\u202fPM-65x12.png 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.05.51\u202fPM-225x41.png 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.05.51\u202fPM-350x63.png 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2330px) 100vw, 2330px\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.06.48\u202fPM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2316\" height=\"438\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-218\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.06.48\u202fPM.png 2316w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.06.48\u202fPM-300x57.png 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.06.48\u202fPM-1024x194.png 1024w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.06.48\u202fPM-768x145.png 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.06.48\u202fPM-1536x290.png 1536w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.06.48\u202fPM-2048x387.png 2048w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.06.48\u202fPM-65x12.png 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.06.48\u202fPM-225x43.png 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/Screenshot-2024-11-21-at-8.06.48\u202fPM-350x66.png 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2316px) 100vw, 2316px\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h1 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><a id=\"L12Tasks\"><\/a>\ud574 \ubd10\uc694! Let&#8217;s Cook!<\/span><\/h1>\n<\/header>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #696969;\">Interpretive Task 1. \ub4e3\uae30<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>It is the New Year&#8217;s holiday season, and Maya is talking with her grandparents in Korea via video conference.<\/p>\n<div id=\"h5p-64\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-64\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"64\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"4.12_Listening_2\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-video-chatting-with-grandparents.jpg\" alt=\"boy video chatting with grandparents\" width=\"234\" height=\"317\" class=\"wp-image-220 aligncenter\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-video-chatting-with-grandparents.jpg 590w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-video-chatting-with-grandparents-221x300.jpg 221w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-video-chatting-with-grandparents-65x88.jpg 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-video-chatting-with-grandparents-225x305.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/boy-video-chatting-with-grandparents-350x475.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 234px) 100vw, 234px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>1. Listen to the conversation and write as much as you recall in Korean.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0__________________________________________________________.<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0__________________________________________________________.<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0__________________________________________________________.<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0__________________________________________________________.<\/li>\n<li>\u00a0__________________________________________________________.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>2. Listen to the conversation again and answer the questions in English.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>What are some things Maya hopes to achieve in the near future?<\/li>\n<li>What is Grandpa planning to send Maya, and how?<\/li>\n<li>What does Maya want to do with her grandparents next year?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Helpful Vocabulary<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\uc7a5\ud559\uae08: scholarship<br \/>\n\ud559\uae30: semester<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #696969;\">Interpretive &amp; Interpersonal Task 2. \uc77d\uace0 \uc4f0\uae30<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>New Year\u2019s Card Message<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. You received a new year\u2019s card from one of your classmates in the Korean program. Read the card message.<\/p>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\">\ub9c8\uc57c \uc528, \uc0c8\ud574 \ubcf5 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubc1b\uc73c\uc138\uc694!<\/p>\n<p>\uc62c\ud574 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4\ubc18\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9c8\uc57c \uc528\ub97c \uc54c\uac8c \ub418\uc5b4\uc11c \ub108\ubb34 \uc88b\uc558\uc5b4\uc694. \uac19\uc774 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4 \uacf5\ubd80\ub3c4 \ud558\uace0 \uc5ec\ud589\ub3c4 \ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc88b\uc740 \ucd94\uc5b5 \ub9ce\uc774 \uc0dd\uae34 \uac83 \uac19\uc544\uc694. \uace0\ub9c8\uc6cc\uc694!<\/p>\n<p>\ub0b4\ub144\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc5b8\uc81c\ub098 \uac74\uac15\ud558\uace0, \ud589\ubcf5\ud558\uae30 \ubc14\ub784\uac8c\uc694. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \uc77c\ub4e4\ub3c4 \ubaa8\ub450 \uc774\ub8e8\uae30 \ubc14\ub77c\uc694.<br \/>\n\uc0c8\ud574\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ub9c8\uc57c \uc528\ud558\uace0 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4 \uc218\uc5c5\uc5d0\uc11c \uac19\uc774 \ubc30\uc6b0\uac8c \ub3fc\uc11c \ucc38 \uae30\ubed0\uc694. \uc218\uc5c5\uc744 \ub4e3\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 \uac19\uc774 \ud14c\ub2c8\uc2a4 \ub3d9\ud638\ud68c \ud65c\ub3d9\ub3c4 \uacc4\uc18d\ud558\uace0 \uc77c\ubcf8 \uc5ec\ud589\ub3c4 \uac19\uc774 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba74 \uc88b\uaca0\uc5b4\uc694. ^^<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">20OO\ub144 1\uc6d4 1\uc77c<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">\uc720\ucf54<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>2. Now write a new year\u2019s card to the classmate in Korean.<\/p>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 100%;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #696969;\">Interpersonal &amp; Presentational Task 3. \ub9d0\ud558\uace0 \ubc1c\ud45c\ud558\uae30<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Intercultural Table<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-to-elders-while-wearing-hanbok.jpg\" alt=\"girl and boy bowing to elders while wearing hanbok\" width=\"330\" height=\"286\" class=\"wp-image-221 aligncenter\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-to-elders-while-wearing-hanbok.jpg 976w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-to-elders-while-wearing-hanbok-300x260.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-to-elders-while-wearing-hanbok-768x665.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-to-elders-while-wearing-hanbok-65x56.jpg 65w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-to-elders-while-wearing-hanbok-225x195.jpg 225w, https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/files\/2024\/11\/girl-and-boy-bowing-to-elders-while-wearing-hanbok-350x303.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 330px) 100vw, 330px\" \/><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Welcome back everyone. The topic of this week is New Year celebrations. Let\u2019s talk and learn how people in the world celebrate the new year.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>In your culture, how do you say &#8220;Happy New Year\u201d?<\/li>\n<li>What do you commonly say as new year&#8217;s greetings or wishes to other people?<\/li>\n<li>How do you celebrate the new year?<\/li>\n<li>Is there any special food eaten at the new year?<\/li>\n<li>[Your questions]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Coffee and Talk<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You are a member of \u2018Coffee and Talk,\u2019 a well-being club where members talk about various topics to vent to and support each other while drinking coffee or tea together at a caf\u00e9 in Korea.\u00a0Today is the first gathering of this year.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Reflecting on yourself and your life over the last year, what were some of the highlights and challenges?<\/li>\n<li>Are there things you couldn\u2019t do before but became able to do? Or vice versa?<\/li>\n<li>This new year, do you have things you would like to try?<\/li>\n<li>Do you have a wish list or a bucket list for the new year?<\/li>\n<li>Do you make new year\u2019s resolutions? Why or why not?<\/li>\n<li>Do you have any questions, tips, or advice for your friends?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h1 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><a id=\"L12Culture\"><\/a>\ud55c\uad6d\uc5b4\uc640 \ud55c\uad6d \ubb38\ud654 Korean Flavors<\/span><\/h1>\n<\/header>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #696969;\">Language Point: Use of Markers Afters a Noun &#8211; Topic Particle \u2013\uc740\/\ub294 1<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>So\u2026 when <em>are<\/em> markers used? In written Korean they are <strong><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">usually<\/span><\/em><\/strong> used, and in spoken Korean they are usually left out. When they are said in spoken Korean, it is to serve a specific purpose; to express a certain meaning, to achieve a certain goal, as you will see.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You may have heard the same sentence said some times with \uc740\/\ub294 and other times with \uc774\/\uac00.<\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uc624\ube60<strong>\ub294<\/strong> \uc9d1\uc5d0 \uc5c6\uc5b4\uc694.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">My older brother is not at home.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">\uc624\ube60<strong>\uac00<\/strong> \uc9d1\uc5d0 \uc5c6\uc5b4\uc694.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%;\">My older brother is not at home.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>The English translation is sometimes the same. The two sentences above are fundamentally different to native Korean speakers, however.<\/p>\n<p>Here is the summary:<\/p>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 60px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\">marks \u2026<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\">is called \u2026<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\"><strong>\u2013\uc740\/\ub294:<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\">TOPIC \/ old information<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\">topic marker (particle)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\"><strong>\u2013\uc774\/\uac00:<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\">FOCUS \/ new information<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\">subject marker (particle)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\"><strong>\u2013\uc744\/\ub97c:<\/strong> (for emphasis in spoken Korean)<br \/>\n(by default in written Korean)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\">\n<div><span>OBJECT<\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 33.333333%; height: 15px;\">object marker (particle)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u2013\uc740\/\ub294 Topic<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2013\uc740\/\ub294 marks what is called OLD information, that is, what has been previously introduced into the dialogue or what the speaker and the listener already know about. Once you have brought something up, you can talk <em>about<\/em> it, and when you do, it gets the TOPIC marker, because the topic is what the rest of the clause is about.<\/p>\n<p>\uc624\ub298 \ud559\uad50\uc5d0\uc11c \uac1c \ud55c \ub9c8\ub9ac\ub97c \ubd24\uc5b4\uc694. \uadf8 \uac1c<strong>\ub294<\/strong> \uaf2c\ub9ac\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5c8\uc5b4\uc694.<br \/>\nI saw a dog at school today. The dog (which I saw at school) did not have a tail.<\/p>\n<p>\uc800\ub294 \uc624\ube60\uac00 \uc138 \uba85 \uc788\ub294\ub370 \ud070 \uc624\ube60\ub294 \ub300\ud559\uc0dd\uc774\uace0 \ub458\uc9f8\ud558\uace0 \uc14b\uc9f8 \uc624\ube60<strong>\ub294<\/strong> \uace0\ub4f1\ud559\uc0dd\uc774\uc5d0\uc694.<br \/>\nI have three older brothers \u2013 the big brother (one of the three that I just introduced) is a college student, the second and the third ones are high school students.<\/p>\n<p>Because the topic is old or shared information, the particle <strong data-start=\"125\" data-end=\"132\">\uc740\/\ub294<\/strong> is often used in Korean in contexts where English would use <em data-start=\"193\" data-end=\"198\">the<\/em> (e.g., \u201cthe guy (we are talking about),\u201d \u201cthe teacher,\u201d \u201cthe country\u201d). It is generally not used in situations where English would use <em data-start=\"334\" data-end=\"337\">a<\/em> (e.g., \u201ca guy,\u201d \u201ca teacher\u201d)*.<\/p>\n<table class=\"grid\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 30px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 30px;\">*Except when you are defining the category:<\/p>\n<p>A teacher is someone who teaches. \uc120\uc0dd\ub2d8\uc740 \uac00\ub974\uce58\ub294 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc774\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\uaca8\uc6b8\uc5d0\ub294 \ub300\ubd80\ubd84\uc758 \ub098\ubb34<strong>\uac00<\/strong> \uc637\uc744 \ubc97\ub294\ub2e4. \uc637\uc744 \ubc97\uc740 \ub098\ubb34\ub294 \ubc14\ub78c\uc774 \ubd88\uba74 \ucd94\uc704\uc5d0 \ub5a8\uc9c0\ub9cc\u2026<br \/>\nMost trees take off their clothes in the winter. <em>The trees<\/em> that take off their clothes shiver in the wind, but\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Because the topic marker is used when you have just introduced the noun into the conversation, it is also often used in Korean where you would use a <em><strong>pronoun<\/strong><\/em> in English.<\/p>\n<p>\ub3d9\uc0dd\uc774 \ucc45\uc744 \ud55c \uad8c \uc0dd\uc77c \uc120\ubb3c\ub85c \ubc1b\uc558\uc5b4\uc694. \uadf8 \ucc45<strong>\uc740<\/strong> \ud55c\uad6d \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ucc45\uc774\uc5c8\uc5b4\uc694.<br \/>\nMy younger sibling received a book as a birthday gift. <em><strong>It<\/strong><\/em> was about Korean history.<\/p>\n<p>Some things are always available as topics, even if they have not yet been mentioned in the conversation; for example, \u201cI\u201d, \u201cyou\u201d, \u201ctoday\u201d, \u201chere\u201d, etc., and also nearby physical objects (\u201cthis desk\u201d). And if the real-world context is appropriate, other things can be topics without first being mentioned (e.g. the <em>teacher<\/em>, when you\u2019ve gotten out of class).<\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 30px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uc624\ub298<strong>\uc740<\/strong> \uc65c \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ucd94\uc6cc?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">What\u2019s up with <em>today<\/em>? Why is it so cold?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uc774 \ucc45\uc0c1<strong>\uc740<\/strong> \ub204\uad6c \uac70\uc608\uc694?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">What about this desk? Whose is it?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Objects can be topics, too, again either to change the topic or to emphasize:<\/p>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 45px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\uac00: \ucee4\ud53c \ub4dc\uc2e4\ub798\uc694?<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">Do you want some coffee?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">\ub098: \uc544, \ucee4\ud53c<strong>\ub294<\/strong> \uc548 \ub9c8\uc2dc\ub294\ub370\uc694.<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 50%; height: 15px;\">Oh, coffee I don\u2019t drink.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Conclusion:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>So in the sentence, \uc624\ube60<strong>\ub294<\/strong> \uc9d1\uc5d0 \uc5c6\uc5b4\uc694, there must have already been some mention of the older brother or of the speaker\u2019s family members. <em>Older brother<\/em> could then be a <strong>Topic<\/strong>, and the sentence just adds some information about his whereabouts.<\/p>\n<p>(In \uc624\ube60<strong>\uac00<\/strong> \uc9d1\uc5d0 \uc5c6\uc5b4\uc694, the whole sentence is new information \u2013 we are surprised to notice that he is not at home, or someone just asked about <em>older brother\u2019s<\/em> whereabouts specifically.)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--learning-objectives\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #696969;\">\ud55c\uad6d \ubb38\ud654 \uae38\uc7a1\uc774<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\ud55c\uad6d\uc758 \uba85\uc808 (Korean Traditional Holidays)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>There are many traditional holidays that Koreans used to celebrate, but the main holidays in modern Korea are \uc124\ub0a0, New Year\u2019s Day, and \ucd94\uc11d, the harvest celebration in the fall. In Korean traditions (perhaps due to Confucian influences), family is central. In turn, traditional holidays are centered around family\u2013and of course feasting together. Korean people celebrate these two holidays for three days, starting from the day before each holiday, often resulting in a week of vacation when combined with the weekend. Consequently, more and more people use this opportunity to take a trip either in Korea or abroad.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\uc124\ub0a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\uc124\ub0a0, New Year\u2019s Day, \u2013\u2013 on the lunar calendar, originally \u2013\u2013 is a celebration of a new start in the Eastern zodiac, when people think about their luck and destiny for the coming year.<\/p>\n<p>In a ritual stemming both from ancient Korean ancestor worship and from Confucianism, on New Year\u2019s day, children are expected to make a full formal bow, \uc138\ubc30 (kneeling, then prostrate on the floor) for their parents, to show thanks and respect, and the parents in turn give children a sum of money for the coming year.<\/p>\n<p>Koreans eat \ud325\uc8fd, red bean porridge\/soup with soft \ub5a1 (rice cake) in it, on New year\u2019s Eve (\uadf8\ubbd0\ub0a0). The color red is believed to scare away evil spirits. Then on New Year\u2019s Day, Koreans eat \ub5a1\uad6d [\ub9cc\uad6d in North Korea], the white \ub5a1 symbolizing purity and austerity for the new year and the length of the \ub5a1 representing a wish for long life. Traditionally, everyone ages by one year (at the same time) on New year\u2019s day, and since Koreans consider babies to be \u201cone year old\u201d at birth, there may be a two-year difference, depending on the date, between one\u2019s \u201cKorean age\u201d and their \u201cAmerican\/Western age.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>\ucd94\uc11d <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Clearly stemming from old farming practices is the autumn Harvest Festival, \ucd94\uc11d, a three-day holiday centered on the full moon in the middle of the 8th month of the lunar calendar, right at the Autumn Equinox. \ucd94\uc11d features a family feast where Koreans visit their hometowns and older relatives to celebrate the harvest. It is much like American Thanksgiving, but \ucd94\uc11d is also a time to pay respects to one\u2019s elders and ancestors.<\/p>\n<p>Ancestral worship rituals, \ucc28\ub840, are performed early in the morning. Many Koreans will also visit the tombs of their immediate ancestors for \ubc8c\ucd08, trimming the grass, pulling weeds and generally cleaning up the area around the burial mounds. They also leave offerings of symbolic foods, drinks, and crops.<\/p>\n<p>\ucd94\uc11d is also a time to enjoy the full moon. Koreans say that on the face of the full moon, there are two rabbits pounding rice with a mortar and pestle to make \ub5a1. If you make a wish on the full moon, Koreans (traditionally) believe, it will come true.<\/p>\n<p>One of the main foods prepared and eaten during the \ucd94\uc11d holiday is \uc1a1\ud3b8, a crescent-shaped \ub5a1 which is steamed on pine needles. Other dishes commonly prepared are \uc7a1\ucc44, \ubd88\uace0\uae30, and of course, fresh fruits and vegetables.<\/p>\n<p>There are also folk games and customs that some may engage in at festival gatherings, such as \uac15\uac15\uc220\ub798 (circle dance (an intangible cultural heritage, designated by UNESCO in 2009)) and \uc904\ub2e4\ub9ac\uae30 (tug-of-war). People, especially children, may also dress in \ud55c\ubcf5, and there may be traditional music, singing and drumming.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">For more information about Korean traditional holidays, visit Korea.net:<br \/>\nhttps:\/\/www.korea.net\/AboutKorea\/Korean-Life\/Festivals<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h1 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4\uc694! I Got This!<\/span><\/h1>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p>Check to see if you can do the following:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Share new year\u2019s plans and wishes.<\/li>\n<li>Talk about changes of events and new developments.<\/li>\n<li>Recognize how Korean people celebrate Korean New Year.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<table class=\"no-lines\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; height: 320px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 100%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\" colspan=\"2\"><strong>Listening Script<\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"h5p-64\">\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-64\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"64\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"4.12_Listening_2\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub9c8\uc57c:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ud560\uba38\ub2c8, \ud560\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0, \uc0c8\ud574 \ubcf5 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubc1b\uc73c\uc138\uc694! \uc138\ubc30\ubc1b\uc73c\uc138\uc694.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ud560\uba38\ub2c8:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub410\uc5b4, \ub410\uc5b4. \ubb58 \ube44\ub514\uc624\ub85c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub9c8\uc57c:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\uc544\ub2c8\uc5d0\uc694. \uc138\ubc30\ubc1b\uc73c\uc138\uc694. [\uc138\ubc30\ud55c\ub2e4]<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ud560\uba38\ub2c8:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\uadf8\ub798, \uc6b0\ub9ac \ub9c8\uc57c\ub3c4 \uc0c8\ud574 \ubcf5 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubc1b\uace0 \uc88b\uc740 \uc77c \ub9ce\uc774 \uc0dd\uae30\uae38 \ubc14\ub780\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ud560\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\uadf8\ub798, \uac74\uac15\ud558\uace0 \uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \uac70 \ub2e4 \uc774\ub8e8\uae38 \ubc14\ub780\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub9c8\uc57c:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub124, \ub124. \uac10\uc0ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud560\uba38\ub2c8, \ud560\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc0c8\ud574\uc5d0 \uac74\uac15\ud558\uc138\uc694!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ud560\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\uadf8\ub798, \uadf8\ub798. \uace0\ub9d9\ub2e4. \uc138\ubc43\ub3c8\uc740 \uc740\ud589\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\ub0b4 \uc904\uac8c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub9c8\uc57c:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\uc544, \uac10\uc0ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4! \uc798 \uc4f8\uac8c\uc694.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ud560\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\uadf8\ub798. \ubcc4\uc77c \uc5c6\uace0?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub9c8\uc57c:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\uc0ac\uc2e4, \uc5ec\ub984 \ubc29\ud559\uc5d0 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0 \uad50\ud658\ud559\uc0dd\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\uac8c \ub410\uc5b4\uc694!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 10px; vertical-align: top;\">\ud560\uba38\ub2c8:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 10px; vertical-align: top;\">\uc815\ub9d0\uc774\uc57c? \uc798 \ub410\uad6c\ub098! \uc5bc\ub9c8 \ub3d9\uc548 \uc788\uac8c \ub3fc?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub9c8\uc57c:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\uc720\uc6d4\ubd80\ud130 \ud314\uc6d4\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc138 \ub2ec \ub3d9\uc548 \uc788\uac8c \ub3fc\uc694. \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \ub3d9\uc548 \ud560\uba38\ub2c8, \ud560\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0 \ub9ce\uc774 \ubd59\uace0 \uc2f6\uc5b4\uc694!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ud560\uba38\ub2c8:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\uadf8\ub798, \uadf8\ub7f4 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba74 \uc815\ub9d0 \uc88b\uaca0\ub2e4.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 10px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub9c8\uc57c:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 10px; vertical-align: top;\">\uc81c\uac00 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0 \uac00\uba74 \uac19\uc774 \ubb50 \ud574 \ubcf4\uc2dc\uace0 \uc2f6\uc73c\uc138\uc694?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ud560\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub098? \uc6b0\ub9ac \ub9c8\uc57c\ub791 \uac19\uc774 \uc81c\uc8fc\ub3c4\uc5d0 \uc5ec\ud589\ub3c4 \uac00\uace0 \ub4f1\uc0b0\ub3c4 \ud558\uace0, \uac19\uc774 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \ubcf4\ub0b4\uace0 \uc2f6\uc9c0. \ub108\ub294?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\ub9c8\uc57c:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; height: 15px; vertical-align: top;\">\uc800\ub3c4 \uc81c\uc8fc\ub3c4\uc5d0 \uaf2d \uac19\uc774 \uc5ec\ud589 \uac00\uba74 \uc88b\uaca0\uc5b4\uc694. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ud55c\uad6d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc88b\uc740 \uc778\ud134\uc2ed\ub3c4 \ucc3e\uc73c\uba74 \uc88b\uaca0\uc5b4\uc694.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; vertical-align: top; height: 15px;\">\ud560\uba38\ub2c8:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; vertical-align: top; height: 15px;\">\uadf8\ub798, \uaf2d \uadf8\ub807\uac8c \ub418\uae38 \ubc14\ub780\ub2e4. \ud559\uad50\ub294 \uc2dc\uc791\ud588\uc5b4?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; vertical-align: top; height: 15px;\">\ub9c8\uc57c:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; vertical-align: top; height: 15px;\">\ub124, \uc9c0\ub09c\uc8fc\uc5d0 \ubc8c\uc368 \uc2dc\uc791\ud588\uc5b4\uc694.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; vertical-align: top; height: 15px;\">\ud560\uc544\ubc84\uc9c0:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; vertical-align: top; height: 15px;\">\uadf8\ub807\uad6c\ub098. \uc62c\ud574\ub3c4 \uac74\uac15\ud574\ub77c.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.961367%; vertical-align: top; height: 15px;\">\ud560\uba38\ub2c8:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.038633%; vertical-align: top; height: 15px;\">\uc798 \uc788\uc5b4~<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 15px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 11.9614%; vertical-align: top; height: 15px;\">\ub9c8\uc57c:<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.0386%; vertical-align: top; height: 15px;\">\uc548\ub155\ud788 \uacc4\uc138\uc694! \ub610 \uc5f0\ub77d \ub4dc\ub9b4\uac8c\uc694!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<h2 class=\"textbox__title\" style=\"margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\"><a id=\"L12Async\"><\/a><a id=\"\"><\/a>\uc2a4\uc2a4\ub85c \ud574\ubd10\uc694! Now You Try!<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/header>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4wb\/chapter\/lesson12\/\">12\uacfc Workbook Link<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk3tasks\/chapter\/lesson2\/\">12\uacfc Communicative Tasks Link<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"YSK4_L12","pb_subtitle":"\uc0c8 \uc9c1\uc7a5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\ud558\uac8c \ub410\uc5b4\uc694.","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":"cc-by-nc"},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[55],"part":159,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/161"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":46,"href":"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/161\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":820,"href":"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/161\/revisions\/820"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/159"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/161\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=161"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=161"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=161"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ysk.upenn.domains\/ysk4\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=161"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}